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Blog | Owner’s Guide to Yacht Classification

Yacht classification is a system used to categorize yachts based on various factors such as size, construction, and intended use. The specific classification categories and requirements can vary between different yacht classification societies, but some common classifications include:

Pleasure Yacht: A yacht intended for leisure use, typically not engaged in commerce.
Charter Yacht: A yacht that is available for hire for pleasure use, also known as commercial yacht.
Large Yacht: A yacht that exceeds a certain size or gross tonnage.
Small Commercial Yacht: A yacht that is used for commercial purposes but does not exceed a certain size or gross tonnage.
Passenger Yacht: A yacht that is used to carry passengers for hire.
Workboat: A yacht or vessel intended for work-related use, such as a survey vessel, cable layer, or other specialty use.
Ocean Going: Yachts that are able to make ocean passages and are built and equipped to meet the requirement of such voyages
Coastal: Yachts that are intended to operate in coastal and sheltered waters and meeting less stringent requirement than ocean going yachts.

The main differences between yacht classification societies are their specific rules, regulations, and requirements for yacht classification. While many societies have similar overall goals of ensuring that yachts meet certain standards of design, construction, and maintenance, they may have slightly different interpretations of these standards and how they should be applied.

Some societies may have stricter or more detailed rules and regulations than others. For example, one society may have more stringent requirements for fire protection, while another society may place more emphasis on stability calculations.

Another difference is the type of yachts they cover and the services they offer. Some societies focus primarily on pleasure yachts, while others also cover commercial yachts and workboats. Societies may also offer different levels of classification, such as “unrestricted” or “restricted” class, and this might vary depending on the intended use of the yacht.

Lastly, some societies have a more global presence than others, or have more experience or expertise in certain types of yachts or regions. This can be important for yacht owners who plan to take their vessel to different parts of the world and may need to comply with different regulations in different countries.

In short, yacht classification societies are similar in their overall goals, but they can have different rules, regulations, and requirements for yacht classification, different services and different areas of focus. Yacht owners should research and compare different societies to determine which one is the best fit for their specific needs and intended use of the yacht.

There are several yacht classification societies that provide certification and inspection services for yachts and other small vessels. Some of the most well-known include:

American Bureau of Shipping (ABS)
Bureau Veritas (BV)
Germanischer Lloyd (GL)
Lloyd’s Register (LR)
RINA (Registro Italiano Navale)
Det Norske Veritas (DNV) now known as DNV GL

These organizations are responsible for ensuring that yachts and other vessels meet certain standards of design, construction, and maintenance, and they issue certificates of compliance to vessels that meet these standards. They also conduct periodic inspections to ensure that vessels continue to meet these standards over time. Some of them also provide additional services such as collision avoidance, navigation and stability calculations and other specialized services.

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Yacht Classifications

By Dudley Dawson
Updated: July 17, 2009

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Let’s take a peek into the dark back corner of a London pub a couple hundred years ago, when Britain was the unquestioned ruler of the sea, as a group of Lloyd’s of London insurance underwriters licked their financial wounds from the latest loss of a cargo ship to Davy Jones’s locker. They’d had enough, and proposed to form an independent society to make ships safer by developing standards for construction, operation, and maintenance. Thus was born Lloyd’s Register of Shipping, no longer affiliated with Lloyd’s of London, but still the granddaddy of maritime classification societies.

The concept was so successful in improving safety and cutting losses that spinoffs and imitators soon appeared in other seagoing nations. There are now ten full members and one associate member of the International Association of Classification Societies ( www.iacs.org.uk ). Not all of them class yachts, and of those who do, not all class smaller yachts. The American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), for instance, does not class yachts under 24 meters, or about 79 feet, in overall length.

Each society also has different sets of rules and guides, several of which will be applicable to any given yacht. While national codes, such as the U.S. Coast Guard regulations, and international treaties, such as SOLAS, are mandatory, classification is in most cases voluntary. A shipowner or yachtowner elects to have his vessel classed in order to better assure a certain level of sound design and construction, and consequently, to reduce insurance premiums and losses.

Although there are differences in the details, the societies have much in common. Each issues written rulebooks and guides for use by designers, reviews and approves the vessel plans in advance of construction, and employs dedicated surveyors to assure that the vessel is built in accordance with the plans. There are also periodic inspections by this same corps of surveyors throughout the vessel’s service life to check that it is being maintained to the required standards.

The voluntary nature of classification creates a number of possibilities for a yacht owner. He can pick and choose from the several classification societies that cater to yachts. For instance, an American owner having a fast yacht built in Holland could choose to have it classed by the Norwegian society, DNV (Det Norske Veritas). This is where those detail differences come in, as some designers consider the DNV construction rules for high-speed vessels to be more realistic than those drafted by some other societies. Such shopping for classification is commonplace, and that’s why you’ll find surveyors for each society in each shipbuilding nation. In an Italian yard, for instance, you might find an ABS surveyor working on one vessel and a Lloyd’s inspector working on another, alongside the first. In some cases, where the surveyors are independent, or “non-exclusive” in society parlance, you might find him wearing a DNV jumpsuit one day and ABS coveralls the next.

In addition to choosing his classification society, an owner can choose the level of involvement he wants with classification. Full classification means plan approval before construction, inspection and approval of both construction and installed equipment (anchors, engines, generators, etc.), and periodic inspections and required maintenance after delivery. An owner can also add various options, including most recently, an environmentally based endorsement of the yacht as “green.”

All of this comes at a price, of course, both in meeting the initial requirements and in continuing costs. Some owners view any financial outlay as justified in protecting their vessel and those aboard; others elect to have the yacht designed and built to class, and then drop the class designation when fees and mandated maintenance expenses begin to exceed the savings in insurance premiums.

Finally, an owner can opt to have his designer and builder use the written classification standards as a guide in the construction of his new vessel, without actually contracting with the society. This avoids some of the expenses of questionable value, such as factory testing and equipment certification. Then an independent non-society surveyor or project manager can oversee the construction up to delivery, and the captain, vessel management firm, or favorite boatyard can track maintenance requirements. It’s not official, but it’s still classy.

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Yacht classifications, also referred to as classification societies or class societies the that rules are an integral element of owning a yacht and an important part of maritime safety. These classifications dictate the design, construction and ongoing maintenance of large commercial vessels and superyachts.

The classifications provide highly detailed and technical standards which cover the yacht’s hull, its engines, and key safety systems. Naturally technology is constantly advancing and so new safety features and procedures are frequently evolving to cater for this.

Standard Yacht Types

Yachts are typically segmented based on overall length and how many passengers they can accommodate. The standard yacht classification types are large yachts, sailing yachts, commercial yachts and private yachts.

Commercial yachts are those yachts which engage in commercial activities, i.e charter yachts. These yachts do not transport or carry any cargo and can carry no more than 12 passengers when underway. In contrast, private yachts are typical pleasure vessels used solely for recreational or leisure purposes.

Classification society

Classification societies are organizations which ‘set the rules’ that govern the construction, maintenance, and operation of yachts and vessels. Currently, there are a total of 12 members of the International Association of Classification Societies, of which the main societies involved with yachting are::

ABS (American Bureau of Shipping)
Bureau Veritas
Lloyds Register
RINA (Royal Institution of Naval Architects)

Classification societies were first started when insurance underwriters Lloyds of London set standards for the ships that they would ensure.

What is a flag state?

A vessel’s flag state is the jurisdiction or nationality under whose laws the vessel is registered or licensed.

The flag state has the authority and the responsibility to create regulations for vessels registered under its flag. These typically involve those relating to the inspection, certification, and issuance of safety and pollution prevention documents for the vessel.

Different flag states may perform inspections on the safety aspects of yachts using their own inspectors or use classification societies or other recognised organization to perform these inspections.

I have written a separate blog post which goes into further detail on Flag States and the importance of choosing the right flag for your yacht.

What is the classification process?

The first step of classification involves the assessment of a yachts design and regular inspections during the construction or conversion of a yacht. Once it is confirmed that all standards have been met, a certificate of classification is issued.

The certificate details the standard met, the intended use for the vessel, and whether the vessel should be used only in sheltered waters. The certificate is aevidence evidence that the yacht has been built too and meets industry standards.

In order to maintain classification regular surveys of the yacht are required. These surveys typically take place every 5 years. These surveys assess things such as the thickness of the hull, possible fractures, and other potential damage. They also consider the condition of electrical systems, machinery and equipment.

Mandatory Classification Certificates

There are a variety of different classification certificates. The number and type of mandatory certificates for a given yacht will depend on its size.

International Tonnage Certificate

This expresses the internal volumes of the yacht in gross tonnes. Unlike displacement tonnage, this does not quantify the weight of a vessel.

Large Yacht Code Certificate

This certificate covers navigational and signaling equipment, life saving appliances, fire protection, means of escape, and manning and crew accommodation. `

Class Certificate

This mainly deals with the yacht’s hull, machinery, electrical equipment, and outfitting.

International load line certificate

This certificate covers the weather tightness of the yacht

Safety Radio Certificate

This certificate only applies if the yacht’s gross tonnage exceeds 300GT. It covers radio communication and distress installations.

MARPOL Annex I Certificate

This certificate only applies if gross tonnage exceeds 400GT and covers the disposal of oil and bilge water

MARPOL Annex IV Certificate

This certificate only applies if gross tonnage exceeds 400GT or if the yacht is certified to carry more than 15 people and covers the disposal of sewage from ships

Marpol Annex V

This certificate covers the disposal of rubbish and applies to all ships

Marpol Annex VI

This is applicable if gross tonnage exceeds 400GT as well as to all main and auxiliary engines with a power exceeding 130kW. It concerns the emissions from mains and auxiliary engines (NOx and SOx). Safety Construction and Safety Equipment

These cover machinery, electrical parts, life saving and navigational equipment for yachts with a gross tonnage above 500GT. International Safety Management Certificate

This only applies to yachts with a gross tonnage greater than 500GT. A certified management company is requested to carry out this service, preparing operational manuals, procedures for drills, and taking care of the maintenance of the yacht and its installations. International Ship and Port Security Certificate

This only applies to yachts and ships with a gross tonnage greater than 500GT and covers the anti piracy certification. A certified management company is requested to provide ashore assistance and establish onboard procedures and operational manuals.

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Yacht law explained

Introduction

The yachting industry is a complex and ever-evolving world, encompassing a wide range of legal and regulatory considerations. From yacht classifications to flag states and classification societies, understanding the intricacies of yacht law is crucial for yacht owners, charterers, and industry professionals. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the key aspects of yacht law, including the definitions and roles of major players, applicable regulations, and mandatory certificates. Whether you are a seasoned yachtsman or new to the world of yachting, this guide will provide you with valuable insights into the legal framework that governs the industry.

Understanding Yacht Classifications

Yacht classifications, also known as classification societies or class societies, play a vital role in ensuring maritime safety. These classifications dictate the design, construction, and ongoing maintenance of large commercial vessels and yachts. The classifications provide highly detailed and technical standards that cover the yacht’s hull, engines, and key safety systems. It is important to note that the application of common safety requirements to personal vessels like yachts is relatively new, and the procedures are constantly evolving. The specific regulations and standards applicable to a yacht depend on its size, purpose, and flag state.

Standard Yacht Types

Before delving into the different types of yacht classifications, it is essential to understand the various yacht types. Yachts are typically segmented based on their overall length and passenger capacity. The standard yacht classification types include:

Large Yachts or Luxury Sailing Yachts: These are the largest classification types for yachts. A large yacht has a load line length equal to or over 24 meters (approximately 80 feet). Safety codes for large yachts have been adopted by most flag administrations, making this classification universally recognized in the international regulatory framework of yachts.

Commercial Yachts: Commercial yachts are used for commercial purposes, such as sport or charter. These yachts do not transport or carry any cargo and have a passenger capacity of no more than 12 individuals. All flag states require commercial yachts to be certified in accordance with a specific large yacht safety code. The most widely used safety code for commercial yachts is the MCA Large Commercial Yacht Code (LY2).

Private Yachts: Private yachts are primarily used for recreational and leisure purposes by their owners and their guests. These yachts are not engaged in commercial activities. The regulations and requirements for private yachts are generally less stringent compared to commercial yachts.

The Role of Classification Societies

Classification societies are organizations that establish and enforce the rules governing the construction, maintenance, and operation of yachts and vessels. These societies play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and compliance of yachts with international standards. There are several prominent classification societies involved in the yachting industry, including the American Bureau of Shipping, Bureau Veritas, Det Norske Veritas, Germanischer Lloyd, Lloyd’s Register, and RINA. These societies set technical standards and conduct surveys and inspections to ensure that yachts meet the required safety regulations. They also issue certifications and class certificates to yachts that comply with the established standards.

Understanding Flag States

A vessel’s flag state refers to the jurisdiction or nationality under whose laws the vessel is registered or licensed. The flag state has the authority and responsibility to create regulations for vessels registered under its flag. These regulations typically relate to the inspection, certification, and issuance of safety and pollution prevention documents for a vessel. Different flag administrations may perform inspections on the safety aspects of yachts using their own inspectors or rely on classification societies or other recognized organizations to conduct these inspections. Some of the main flag authorities in the yachting industry include the UK-MCA, Cayman Islands, Isle of Man, Malta, the Marshall Islands, Italy, and Luxembourg.

The Classification Process for Yachts

The classification process for yachts involves a series of assessments and inspections to ensure compliance with safety and technical standards. The process begins with the assessment of a yacht’s designs and continues with regular inspections during the construction or conversion of the yacht. Once it is confirmed that all standards have been met, a certificate of classification is issued. This certificate details the standards met, the intended use for the vessel, and any specific limitations or requirements. It is important to note that while a classification certificate is evidence of meeting industry standards, it does not guarantee seaworthiness.

Mandatory Classification Certificates

Yachts that fall under specific size categories are required to obtain mandatory classification certificates. The number and type of certificates depend on the size of the yacht and the applicable regulations. Some of the common mandatory classification certificates include:

International Tonnage Certificate: This certificate expresses the internal volumes of the yacht in gross tons. Unlike displacement tonnage, which quantifies the weight of a vessel, the international tonnage certificate focuses on the internal volume.

Large Yacht Code Certificate: This certificate covers various aspects such as navigational and signaling equipment, life-saving appliances, fire protection, means of escape, and crew accommodation. It is applicable to yachts that are over 24 meters in load line length and used for commercial purposes.

Class Certificate: This certificate primarily deals with the yacht’s hull, machinery, electrical equipment, and outfitting. It ensures that the yacht meets the established standards for construction and technical specifications.

International Load Line Certificate: This certificate verifies the weather-tightness of the yacht, ensuring that it can withstand various environmental conditions.

Safety Radio Certificate: This certificate is applicable if the gross tonnage of the yacht exceeds 300GT. It covers the radio communication and distress installations on board.

MARPOL Annex I Certificate: This certificate applies if the gross tonnage exceeds 400GT and covers the disposal of oil and bilge water from machinery spaces.

MARPOL Annex IV Certificate: This certificate applies if the gross tonnage exceeds 400GT or the yacht is certified to carry more than 15 individuals. It ensures compliance with regulations regarding the disposal of sewage from ships.

MARPOL Annex V Certificate: This certificate covers the disposal of rubbish and applies to all ships, including yachts.

MARPOL Annex VI Certificate: This certificate is applicable if the gross tonnage exceeds 400GT, as well as to all main and auxiliary engines with a power exceeding 130kW. It addresses the emissions from engines, specifically nitrogen oxide (NOx) and sulfur oxide (SOx).

Safety Construction and Safety Equipment: These certificates cover various aspects such as machinery, electrical parts, life-saving equipment, and navigational equipment. They are required for yachts with a gross tonnage above 500GT.

International Safety Management Certificate: This certificate is mandatory for yachts with a gross tonnage greater than 500GT. It requires a certified management company to prepare operational manuals, procedures for drills, and ensure the maintenance of the yacht and its installations.

International Ship and Port Security Certificate: This certificate applies to yachts and ships with a gross tonnage greater than 500GT. It covers anti-piracy certification and requires a certified management company to establish onboard procedures and operational manuals.

Maintaining Classification and Compliance

Maintaining classification is an ongoing process that involves regular surveys and inspections. These surveys, also known as “special surveys,” typically take place every five years and assess various aspects of the yacht’s condition and compliance. They cover areas such as the thickness of the hull, potential damage or fractures, condition of electrical systems, machinery, and equipment. It is crucial for yacht owners and operators to adhere to the scheduled surveys and ensure that any necessary repairs or updates are carried out to maintain compliance with classification standards.

The Importance of Yacht Law and Classification

Yacht law and classification play a vital role in ensuring the safety, compliance, and operational efficiency of yachts. Adhering to the relevant regulations and obtaining the necessary certifications is not only a legal requirement but also essential for the overall reputation and value of a yacht. Yacht owners, charterers, and industry professionals should be well-versed in the legal framework and understand the responsibilities and obligations that come with yacht ownership or operation. By staying informed and working with experienced professionals, yacht owners can navigate the complexities of yacht law and classification to ensure the smooth operation and enjoyment of their vessels.

Yacht law and classification are crucial aspects of the yachting industry, ensuring the safety, compliance, and operational efficiency of yachts. Understanding the roles of classification societies, flag states, and the mandatory certificates required for yachts is essential for yacht owners, charterers, and industry professionals. By adhering to the applicable regulations and maintaining classification standards, yacht owners can ensure the seaworthiness and value of their vessels. As the industry continues to evolve and regulations evolve, staying informed and working with knowledgeable professionals is key to navigating the complexities of yacht law and classification.

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Understanding Yacht Classifications and What They Mean

Types of yacht classifications.

Yacht Classification Types: A Complete Guide

If you’re new to the yacht world, understanding different yacht classifications can be overwhelming. Here’s a breakdown of the basics to get you started:

In addition to the traditional classifications, there are also subcategories within each that offer their own unique features and experiences.

Did you know that the concept of yachts has been around for centuries? The term “yacht” originates from the Dutch word “jacht,” which means “hunt” or “chase.” Yachts were initially used as small, fast vessels to chase pirates and smugglers. Nowadays, they serve as luxury vessels for relaxation and entertainment purposes.

If you want to feel fancy while getting wind in your hair, a sail yacht is the way to go – just don’t forget to bring your sea legs.

Sail Yachts

Sail Yachts have been around for 10,000 years! People are captivated by their ancient and dignified way of navigating the waters. They come in various shapes and sizes, from classic cruisers to advanced racing models. Each type has its own characteristics, depending on their use.

Let’s take a look at three types: Cutter Rigged , Ketch Rigged and Sloop Rigged .

Cutter Rigged has two sails – mainsail and headsail. The headsail is higher than the forestay. Length Range: 28-60 ft.
Ketch Rigged has two masts – mainmast and mizzen mast. Length Range: 30-80 ft.
Sloop Rigged has one mast with a single head sail and mainsail. Length Range: 29-100 ft.

Motor yachts: When you want to feel like a millionaire without having to sell your organs!

Motor Yachts

Motor yachts offer the perfect combo of luxury and speed. These vessels provide occupants with all the latest amenities and let them cruise waterways in complete comfort.

To give an idea of the different motor yacht types, here’s a table:

Explorer yachts and open boats are other options. Take time to research before deciding what’s right.

Things to consider when buying or renting a motor yacht:

Local regulations and licensing.
Ask questions to brokers/owners.

Motor yachts are for those who demand high-speed, luxurious travel. When investing, remember to do your homework and ask essential questions. For an adventure, go for an expedition yacht – with all the luxuries and a crew to look after your needs.

Expedition Yachts

Expedition yachts are vessels with a special design, providing luxury and exploration capabilities. They are multi-purpose, able to travel long distances while carrying recreational vehicles like helicopters, submersibles, and speed boats.

The below table shows the popular types of Expedition Yachts available:

Expedition yachts feature decking for outdoor activities and interiors with wood or stone finishings. Guests can stay for weeks to months while exploring distant locations in comfort. The support type expedition yacht is designed purely for logistic uses, such as carrying supplies, fuel, and water equipment that may not fit on the explorer or cruiser vessels.

Pro Tip: When selecting an expedition yacht, make sure the destination is suitable for its capabilities. Also, check if your desired activities can be catered for within the available payload and size of your chosen yacht.

Classic Yachts: where vintage charm meets modern wallets.

Classic Yachts

When it comes to yachts, classic yachts are special. They have timeless designs and elegant features . Craftsmanship and attention to detail were important when they were built.

Classics can be divided into three categories. Sloops are the most common, 30-42ft long, with one mast and fore-and-aft sails. Ketches are 40-80ft, with two masts and main and mizzen sails. Cutters also have a single mast, but more sails – so they can adjust to changing wind conditions .

Nowadays, classic yachts are popular for their character and ability to handle tough waters. Racing regattas often have classic yacht classes, so sailors can compete and admire them.

The 1939-built Eilean is one of the most iconic classic yachts. It was even used by Italian navy cadets during World War II.

“If money won’t bring you joy, why do luxury yachts come with champagne fountains?”

Luxury Yachts

Luxury yachts are the epitome of extravagance in boats. These grand vessels boast lavish amenities and features that set them apart. Check out the following table to find out the different types of luxury yachts and their specifications.

People who want to admire the scenery and be treated with top-notch services usually opt for luxury yachts. Furthermore, these vessels are often staffed by highly-skilled maritime personnel whose main goal is to make sure their passengers have an unforgettable experience.

One of the earliest records of a real luxury yacht is from the renowned circular harbour of Syracuse, where the renowned inventor and scientist Archimedes designed a boat exclusively for pleasure cruising – which was unheard of in his era. Comparing today and then, it’s easy to see how far these floating mansions have come.

Trying to classify yachts based on size is like attempting to pair up socks – you just try to make them fit and pray they don’t get misplaced.

Classification by Yacht Length

Classification of Yachts Based on their Length

Yachts are classified based on different parameters, and one of them is their length. The classification by yacht length generally divides yachts into five categories: small, medium, large, superyachts, and megayachts.

The following table highlights the key details of each yacht length category:

Yachts in the small category usually have a length of 20-40 ft and can accommodate 2-6 people in their sleeping berths. They have basic facilities and are ideal for day trips. In contrast, superyachts and megayachts are luxurious and ultra-luxurious, respectively, with superior facilities and activities available for guests.

It is worth noting that yachts can also be classified based on their purpose, design, and usage.

According to yachtingreports.com, Feadship is known for building the most luxurious yachts in the world. When it comes to Mega Yachts, the only thing bigger than their size is the owner’s ego.

Mega Yachts

Mega Yachts – the ultimate seafaring experience!

Check out this list of some of the most impressive yachts:

Eclipse (533 ft): built by Blohm + Voss
Dilbar (511 ft): built by Lurssen
Azzam (590 ft): built by Lurssen
Topaz (482 ft): built by Lurssen
Al Mirqab (436 ft): built by Peters Schiffbau

These yachts offer awesome amenities like swimming pools, helipads, movie theaters, and elevators . Plus, they’ve got state-of-the-art satellite TV, Wi-Fi internet, and sophisticated navigation systems.

If you plan to charter one, it’s best to bring a professional crew. And make sure to schedule your trip during good weather conditions so you can really enjoy the journey!

Super Yachts

When talking about Super Yachts, length is the main factor. Check out the below to get an idea of the different lengths and the corresponding classes:

These boats are built with advanced propulsion systems, hybrid power systems and eco-friendly tech to guarantee efficient fuel use and minimal environmental effects.

To make the journey even more luxurious, customizations can be done on request – like personal staff, chefs, masseurs, nannies, wellness instructors; routes to take you to your desired location; Michelin-starred catering; and entertainment options.

For those just wanting to have a taste of luxury, super yachts can be rented for special occasions and events like corporate meetings, private weddings, honeymoons and more.

In the end, owning or renting a super yacht will give you a unique and lasting experience that will reflect its high standards. A bigger dock is needed for these big baller yachts!

Large Yachts

Let’s explore large yachts! The table below explains the differences:

Apart from size, these boats have unique designs, luxurious amenities and exclusive services.

If you want a large yacht, be prepared for the extra responsibilities. Maintenance, safety and the right crew are essential.

Mid-sized yachts are the perfect choice for those who want to show off, without breaking the bank .

Mid-sized Yachts

Mid-sized yachts are a must-have for seafarers and cruising fans. These vessels range from 40 to 80 feet in length, giving plenty of room for a great voyage. Take a look at the stats for more details!

Small yachts may not be showy, but they’re ideal for honing your parking abilities.

For 40-50 feet , motorboats offer sleeping for 6 and range up to 300 miles. For 50-60 feet , motor or sailboats provide sleeping for 8 with sailboats having a range of 350 miles and motorboats up to 500 miles. 60-70 feet boats are either motor or sail, sleeping up to 10, and have a range of 500 miles (motor) or unlimited (sail). 70+ feet boats can sleep over 12, and their range depends on fuel and tank capacity – longer than 2K nautical miles and inclusive of all luxuries.

Choose mid-sized yachts for the ideal combination of comfort and convenience. Don’t miss out on the chance to enjoy unforgettable oceanic voyages – consider investing in a mid-sized yacht today!

Small Yachts

Yachts come in many sizes , with small yachts ranging from 20-30 feet long. They’re affordable and convenient for recreational water-goers! These vessels are perfect for day trips or short weekends.

When packing, focus on the basics – food, water, and safety items . Also, invest in durable, lightweight gear that can be stored on board. Additionally, practice good boat maintenance. Cleaning and oil changes can extend the life of a small yacht and make sure you’re safe at sea.

Find the right yacht for you, whether it be to impress your friends or flee your enemies .

Yacht Classification by Purpose

Yachting is a recreational activity that involves the use of yachts, which come in varying styles and sizes. Different yacht classifications by their purpose exist to help enthusiasts select the right type. A yacht classification by purpose is a system that categorizes yachts based on their intended use.

The table below outlines the common yacht classifications by purpose, their description and intended use:

Yachts are designed to meet specific tasks such as cruising, fishing, sightseeing, and day trips. Cruisers are the most commonly used yachts as they are designed for voyages and long trips . A Motor yacht is designed with an emphasis on luxury and comfort, making it ideal for sightseeing.

Recently, there has been an increase in demand for catamarans as these yachts offer more space and stability than traditional yachts. These yachts are increasing in popularity for charters.

A friend once shared how he got lost at sea on a long journey on his Cruiser. Thankfully, he didn’t get too lost and managed to find his way back on track. This highlights the importance of understanding yacht classifications and their purpose before embarking on any trip.

Racing yachts: where millionaires go to see who has the fastest toy boat.

Racing Yachts

Racing yachts are crafted to take part in sailing contests. They are built for speed, agility and responsiveness , making them perfect for experienced sailors. Let’s go further into the amazing world of racing yachts!

When it comes to charter yachts, nothing beats owning one – except for knowing someone who does!

Charter Yachts

When renting a charter yacht, unique details must be taken into account. For example, the check-in procedure can take up to an hour – contracts must be signed and house rules must be reviewed. Additionally, in-season prices can increase by up to 30%, plus any applicable GST Tax levy.

Historically, the commercial yacht charter industry was limited to small sailboats before the 20th century. With the industrial revolution and improvements in marine transportation, this living lifestyle became available to more people, which led to an increase in boat sales and accessibility for wealthy individuals.

If your fishing yacht isn’t catching any fish, just tell everyone you’re practicing your catch-and-release techniques!

Fishing Yachts

Fishing Yachts come in sizes from 20-70 feet , and can host 1-3 crew members . Specialized fishing equipment is featured, such as chairs, live wells, bait stations, fish boxes, outriggers/rod holders, Sonar/Fish finder , and a GPS mapping system .

Capacity varies from 6-10 people for day trips, up to four guests overnight. Pro tip – before heading out, make sure you have all the necessary licenses and permits in place .

Sail into luxury with Fishing Yachts – where the boat and the lack of responsibilities are both equally luxurious.

Leisure Yachts

People looking to relax turn to leisure yachts as a means of escape. These boats are made with comfort and luxury in mind. So, let’s look at the types of leisure yachts.

Motor Yachts use power for speed and smooth sailing. Sailing Yachts use only wind to carry you, for a unique experience. Catamarans have multiple hulls for stability and plenty of room for activities. Trawler Yachts provide comfort for long trips.

Every yacht has its own special features. Some boast spas or movie theaters. Others have helipads for convenient shore access.

Did you know Jeff Bezos, Amazon CEO , owns the largest superyacht? Called ‘Flying Fox’, it’s 136 meters long and can accommodate 25 guests in 11 cabins. Plus, it has 54 crew members! And don’t forget expedition yachts – perfect for exploring the sea and bringing your shoes.

Expedition Yachts are perfect for those seeking adventure and luxury! They come in lengths of 80-400 ft., can accommodate 10-30 guests, and have a range of 3,000 – 10,000 nautical miles.

These yachts come with all the necessary equipment for exploration, including helicopters, submarines, dive centers, and have large storage spaces and extra fuel capacity.

One remarkable Expedition yacht was designed for studying climate change in the Arctic region, with a custom-built removable seawater laboratory. It was able to traverse the Northwest Passage thanks to its exceptional design and features.

For the seasoned adventurer, an Expedition Yacht offers an extraordinary level of adventure – far more than other yacht types. Who needs a six-pack when you can experience the thrill of a sleek hull design?

Classification by Hull Design

Classification Based on the Hull Design

Different types of yachts are classified based on their hull design. The hull is the outermost layer of the boat that provides buoyancy and stability in the water. The classification is crucial as it determines the type of yacht suitable for specific water activities.

The length of the yacht also influences its classification. Usually, small boats are classified as dinghies, whereas larger boats are classified as yachts. The size of the yacht affects its stability, speed, and capacity.

It is essential to select the appropriate yacht type based on the activity and the number of people involved. For instance, if one is planning to host a large group of people, it is advisable to opt for a Catamaran or Trimaran rather than a Monohull. The Catamaran or Trimaran offers more space and stability in the water, ensuring the safety and comfort of the passengers.

Monohull yachts may not be as flashy as their multi-hull counterparts, but they still have one thing in common – they’ll break the bank faster than you can say ‘anchors aweigh’.

Mono-Hull Yachts

Multi-hull yachts are the way to go—they are usually faster and better equipped than mono-hulls for aggressive sailing.

There are various types of mono-hull yachts available in the market, each with unique features that cater to different types of sailors. For example:

Cruiser/Racer: Offers comfort for cruising and great seaworthiness.
Racing Boat: Lightweight and speedy, minimal comfort amenities.
Cruising Sailboat: Mainly for recreational purposes, with spacious interiors, stability, and storage space.
Daysailer: Small boats for short trips, day outings or beginners.

Plus, the simple design of the mono-hull yacht is highly customizable—so there are features that set them apart from others in the same category. For example, some racing sailboats have deep keels for stability in strong winds.

Finally, when purchasing a mono-hull yacht, consider factors like length/beam ratio, wetted surface area, and displacement. That way, you’ll be able to choose a vessel specifically made for your needs.

Multi-Hull Yachts

Multi-hull yachts are renowned for their unique structure as well as the comfort and space they provide. They are also known to be eco-friendlier due to their lower fuel consumption.

Catamarans have been popular for charter companies for their spaciousness and performance on long journeys. Trimarans , on the other hand, are favored for yacht racing thanks to their speed records.

Multi-hull yachts are a great option for those who want to sail with more freedom and flexibility. With two hulls, you get twice the fun! Even ancient Polynesians used outrigger canoes with multiple hulls to traverse the Pacific. And over the centuries, these vessels have continued to evolve and dominate the waters.

Catamaran Yachts

Catamaran Yachts have some unique features. Such as: spacious interiors, shallow draft and narrow beam. These give better speed & performance with less power. But, they are less maneuverable in tight spaces and may be susceptible to windage & less responsive to heavy weather conditions.

Catamarans have been around for centuries, and have grown in popularity and sophistication. They are now considered a staple in the yachting world due to their design features. Boaters all over the world love them.

The best thing about Catamaran Yachts ? They have three hulls… and a bar!

Trimaran Yachts

Trimarans are sailing vessels with three hulls that offer stable and swift performance. Here’s a table comparing some popular models:

The Neel 45 Evolution has a unique design and plenty of space. It offers elegance, performance and safety.

Aquila is great for those with experienced sailing skills, thanks to its stability in rough waters.

Did you know Ben Cohrs built the largest aluminum trimaran in North America? It’s 48’ x 40’ and cost $1 million!

There’s a yacht style to suit every taste . So don’t forget your sea legs!

Yacht Classification by Style

Yacht Classification by Style pertains to the different categories or styles of yachts. It is crucial to understand these classifications to determine which type of yacht is most suitable for the intended purpose.

A Table has been created below to provide a clear and concise overview of each classification and its characteristics.

It is noteworthy to mention that each classification can be further categorized based on size, layouts, and specific features.

When choosing a yacht, it is essential to consider the purpose, budget, and preferences. Additionally, one must also inspect the yacht’s condition and safety features and hire a reliable and experienced crew.

To maximize the yachting experience, it is advisable to plan the itinerary ahead, select suitable destinations, and engage in water sports and activities. These practices can enhance the enjoyment and create lasting memories.

“Contemporary yachts are like Tinder dates, modern and sleek on the outside but you never know what kind of baggage they’re carrying until you’re already on board.”

Contemporary

Contemporary yacht style features sharp angles and sleek designs . Glass and reflective surfaces, as well as advanced tech like touchscreens and automation systems are commonplace. Inside, neutral colors with minimal art is the norm.

Sustainability is key in today’s yachts. Materials science allows for the use of recycled plastic, cutting waste and environmental damage.

Yacht design has evolved since the 1920s when industrialists requested custom-built yachts with modern amenities and materials like steel and aluminum. Sustainable materials, technologies and luxury are hallmarks of contemporary yacht design .

Traditional

The Mediterranean sun and rolling Atlantic waves can be experienced on these majestic vessels. They evoke a sense of nostalgia for simpler times, as the traditional yacht style never goes out of fashion. It’s rich in history and stunning in design, making it an icon in maritime culture.

The focus on craftsmanship is unique. Many are built by master craftsmen, using techniques passed down through generations. Every yacht offers intricate details such as custom masts and sails, as well as ornately carved woodwork.

The Bloodhound is a famous example. This classic racing schooner has an impressive history – dating back to 1936. Lord St Helier built it to take part in regattas around Europe while displaying wealth and opulence.

The Bloodhound has timeless beauty and durability – after almost 80 years, it remains desirable. Traditional-style yachts exude class and have supreme technical efficiency. For those wanting to outrun both their problems and the storm, there’s the Expedition classification – perfect for rough seas and an adventurous spirit.

For those wanting to explore with the luxuries of home, Expedition yachts are the way to go. Durable hulls constructed of high-tensile steel and designed to handle any sea and weather conditions. Plus, they have spacious cabins, gourmet kitchens and even a helicopter pad ! With impressive fuel capacity and long-range capabilities, they make extended travel easy. Loaded with state-of-the-art research equipment, they’re ideal for scientific exploration.

Expedition yachts don’t just offer a comfortable experience – they let you get close to nature. Their sturdy construction and off-road capabilities mean they can navigate through rugged terrain, taking you on land expeditions or to remote islands. Plus, plenty of room for recreational gear like kayaks and paddleboards – perfect for an adventurous getaway.

Yachting Magazine’s 2020 Guide to Expedition Yachts sums it up nicely: “Some of the most notable Expedition yachts ever built feature robust hulls constructed of high-tensile steel.” It’s clear that durability is key in expedition yacht design, due to encountering rough weather and unchartered waters.

Forget a sports car – when you can have a yacht that goes from 0 to 60 knots in seconds?!

Performance

Yacht classification is based on performance. Speed, handling, and stability are factors to consider. There’s a table showing the different yacht styles and their performance.

There are three main styles of yacht:

High Performance: 50+ knots. Nimble and responsive. May sacrifice comfort for speed.
Cruise: 25-30 knots. Comfortable and stable. May sacrifice speed for speed.
Racing/Cruising: 35-45 knots. Balance of speed and comfort. Depends on design features.

Each style has unique levels of performance. High-performance yachts can be divided into racing and cruising models. It’s important to consider the intended use of the yacht.

When making a big investment, it’s best to consult with experienced pros. Understand the nuances of each style’s performance to make an informed decision. This will enhance the boating experience.

Oh, and Flybridge ? Sounds like a fancy superhero hideout!

The Flybridge is found above the main bridge of a yacht. What makes it special? Five key features:

Provides excellent visibility for better navigation and sightseeing.
May feature a helm station with advanced tech for precise control.
Popular spot for sunbathing, socializing and enjoying views during cruising.
May feature a bar, dining area, lounge seating or even a Jacuzzi.
Sometimes enclosed with canvas or hardtop structures for all-weather use.

Some yachts have multiple Flybridges for greater views and entertainment. For example, some superyachts have two or three decks linked by staircases. Get a yacht with a flybridge to enjoy Jacuzzi views, cocktails under the stars and maximum privacy. Who doesn’t love that?

Classification by Country of Build

Classification by Nation of Origin

Yachts are classified based on the nation where they were constructed. This classification provides valuable insights into the yacht’s design, construction quality, and performance. Different countries have their unique yacht standards, and they follow different rules and regulations. Therefore, the country of build provides a means to classify yachts into their unique quality and design categories.

The table below shows the classification of yachts based on their nation of origin.

Yacht classification helps in identifying the construction standards and safety features. ABS and Lloyd’s are commonly used classifications in the United States, while RINA and MCA are widely accepted in Italy. For UK-based yachts, GL and MCA are the standard classifications, and BV and GL are the most common classes used for German and French yachts, respectively.

It’s essential to choose your yacht’s classification carefully, depending on its purpose, location, and usage. For example, if you plan to sail in European waters, it’s better to choose a yacht that adheres to RINA or BV standards. On the other hand, if you plan to sail in the United States, choosing ABS or Lloyd’s classification may be suitable.

In addition to considering the country of origin, other factors that can affect a yacht’s classification include age, size, and usage. It’s important to research and select the appropriate classification for your yacht to ensure safety, compliance, and performance.

Why settle for a fancy car when you can be cruising on a yacht, American-style?

The ‘Classification by Country of Build’ divides ships into their origin and construction. ‘ American ‘ denotes those made in the United States. This shipbuilding industry has a long history, covering many types of watercraft. From naval vessels to commercial ships, American-built machines have aided the economy and security.

Notable ships include the USS Constitution . This is the oldest, still-functioning naval vessel in the world. The Cutty Sark tea clipper is another example. It was a 19th-century British merchant ship built in Massachusetts. The Liberty Ship is another famous one. During World War II, over 2700 of these cost-effective cargo vessels were constructed to help allied forces.

Pro Tip: Even though American-built ships are sought-after, it is essential to check they meet international safety standards before sailing. So, why worry about Brexit when you can debate which country makes the best cars in Europe?

The classification of European ships is quite thorough. It includes Germany, Poland, Italy, the Netherlands and more. European vessels are renowned for their quality and tech. The European shipbuilding industry is competitive and eco-friendly.

European-built ships are also environmentally-friendly and have cutting-edge facilities. They can construct megayachts and cruise ships with luxury features .

Pro Tip: When you select a European-built vessel, research the shipyard carefully for the best quality! Stop settling for a dull kangaroo and choose an Australian-built car instead!

Australia is famous for its lush landscapes and wild creatures. But, did you know it also has a booming shipbuilding industry? Ships made in Australia are known for their superior quality and precision .

From small fishing boats to huge cargo ships, these vessels are respected around the world for their craftsmanship and dependability . Nowadays, many people choose to build mid-sized bulk carriers and other commercial ships in Australia.

Moreover, Australian shipbuilding focuses on sustainability and environmental protection . Yards use eco-friendly materials and methods whenever possible, to reduce the impact on nature.

If you’re looking for a vessel, choosing an Australian-made boat guarantees a top-notch experience. It will serve you well and you’ll know your decision backs a responsible and progressive industry. Don’t miss out on the chance to sail with a marvellous Australian-built boat – get one today!

Asian countries construct a variety of unique and exceptional boats. These boats show traditional techniques with modern advancements, making intricate pieces of art.

One example is the Sampan boat . It’s widely used in China and Southeast Asia for fishing and transportation. It has a flat bottom and curved sides, meant to glide through shallow waters.

Another creation is the Junk boat . It’s a Chinese sailing vessel known for its hull design and seafaring ability. It was used for trading across oceans, allowing sailors to traverse great distances.

These boats have been around for centuries and are culturally significant. The Yamanose fishing boats from Japan are renowned for their artistic design, featuring exotic patterns that reflect the country’s culture.

These beautiful vessels show the world’s diverse regions’ skills and expertise. They are timeless yet transcendent, leaving an impact on our world forever.

Yacht classifications are important for safety and efficiency. Knowing them helps you pick the right one. Each one has different features. For instance, some are made for open waters, others for near-shore.

When selecting a yacht, three main things matter: design, size, and purpose . Poor design can cause seasickness and ruin your trip.

Did you know? The first recorded sailboats were in ancient Egypt over 5,000 years ago. They were for fishing, not recreational use. Engineering has since created stylish, luxurious, comfortable yachts.

Ita Yachts Canada

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Understanding the Classification of Yachts A, B, C and D

Understanding the Classification of Yachts A, B, C and D:

Since 1998, Europe (EEC) classifies yachts according to 4 categories A or B or C or D and this is a law. In order to sell a boat in the large territory of the EEC, it must be classified with a plate that mentions its classification and it must be clearly visible inside the boat, usually near the helm.

At first glance, it sounds very good when you hear class A, but what is it really, what are the differences, is it necessary to acquire a class A…

The brokers at ItaYachtsCanada have written an article on this subject in the past ( click here ), but here are the important characteristics to know about the subject.

The classification allows you to know in which kind of sea intensity you can safely venture, that is to say, taking into account the wind and the wave height in reference to the Beaufort index.

(At the end of this text, there is an explanation of the classes according to the Beaufort index).

Let’s say we focus on class A and B, on the major differences.

First of all, the differences are not very visible to the naked eye or it takes a trained eye to see them.

Depending on the type of water you plan to sail and if the weather guides you on each trip, a B class is also a very good choice.

Of course, you must have all the required safety equipment on board.

Ideally, a boater should always sail in rather peaceful conditions, taking into account the weather first. We always say that boating is fun, so stay away from difficult sailing situations. (Ideally, always with a Beaufort index of 6 and less, ideally a Beaufort index of 4 and less).

Many manufacturers have retained the parameters of the B class to build their boats, mainly for reasons of production costs and that boaters in general do not care much about these characteristics.

The problem is how to differentiate between the vast range of B class boats, how to distinguish those that are closer to an A class (B +) from those that are built as (B -).

How to find your way around, especially for a layman…

It is important to know that some manufacturers build their boats with an A approach, but without respecting all the mandatory specifications to be classified A.

Here are some guidelines to quickly see if the manufacturer has done things right.

– Inspect the portholes and closing mechanisms (Plastic or Metal)

– The presence of numerous drains to evacuate water (at the fly and cockpit), it is essential to be able to evacuate any water accumulation quickly.

– Height of the freeboard.

– Engine access hatch, well insulated and secured for water leaks.

– Bilge pumps (number, size and capacity)

– Mechanism to pump water from the engine room massively (e.g. possibility to use the engine water pumps with a joystick)

– The center of gravity of the boat is well balanced (rather low).

Hull joints, a very low center of gravity, excellent weight distribution, electrical system (24 V), are also part of the certification criteria especially for A boats, but difficult to assess for a yachtsman. It is possible, but in a summary way.

The CE classification allows to differentiate yachts according to certain criteria present, we are talking mainly about structural strength, integrity of essential parts of the hull, reliability of propulsion, steering systems, power generation and all other features installed on board to help ensure the essential services of the yacht.

Therefore, it is important to understand that a Class A yacht is built to a much higher standard than a Class B. This is not reflected in the luxurious appearance of the boat.

What you have to remember is that the major enemy for a boat, besides a fire, is water infiltration on board which can destabilize the behavior of the boat, cause a stop of the engines, major electrical problems, in short which can quickly put the boat out of use and/or out of control.

A classification body such as RINA (see list at the end of this text) has been checking the activities of builders and classifying yachts for over 20 years.

If the boat is sold in the European Community, the classification is mandatory and must be visible near the cockpit. This same classification is not present when the boat is intended for North America or very rarely.

Do not hesitate to contact a professional broker, he will be able to guide you according to your needs, your criteria and especially the places of navigation.

As the CE classification is not always displayed when the boat is destined for the North American market, here are some references on this subject based on the most recent data available (subject to change without notice):

P.S. Let’s mention that as a general rule yachts over 80 ft are Class A, but according to the rules in place, the classification is no longer mandatory or mentioned beyond 79 ft.

Class A (yachts over 50 ft):

BEST KNOWN MODELS :

Ferretti 500, 550, 670 and up

Pershing : 7X and up

Azimut 62, 64, 66, 68 Fly and up

Azimut S8 and up

Azimut Magellano : the whole range

Sunseeker Sport yacht 65, Yacht 88 and up

Princess yacht 80 and up (TBC)

Marquis Yachts (no longer in production)

Montecarlo MCY 66 and up

Searay L650

Class B (yachts over 50 ft):

Sunnseeker 52 fly, 55 fly , 66 fly, 68 fly, Sport Yacht 74, 76 Yacht

Azimut 50 fly, 55 fly, 60 fly, S6 and all Atlantis

Princess : all yachts under 70 ft

Princess Y72, Y78 and less

Ferretti 580 fly

All Absolute

All Fairline

All Beneteau & Jeanneau & Monte Carlo 52

All Searay except L650.

All Cruisers Yachts

For more information, here is an article published by the brokers at ItaYachtsCanada, click here .

There is also the dry weight which can help determine a quality yacht.

Don’t hesitate to compare yachts of the same size based on dry weight, you may be surprised.

For example, a 52′ yacht that weighs 30,000 lbs empty compared to another one that weighs 60,000 lbs empty, ask yourself some questions.

But be careful, it is more and more difficult to get the manufacturers’ empty weights. They have understood the importance of being rather vague on the subject or of making comparisons more difficult. Indeed, we are talking about LIGHT WEIGHT, which is difficult to measure.

The manufacturer who has confidence in thier boat will have no difficulty in giving a total warranty of at least 12 months, 24 and even 36 months. Please note the difference here between the manufacturer’s warranty and the dealer’s warranty .

Many European manufacturers sell their boats to dealers in America without a warranty. This means that the dealer assumes the full 12-month warranty out of his profit from the sale. The engine manufacturer, on the other hand, honors its own warranty such as Volvo, Cummins, Caterpillar, MAN, MTU, Yanmar. For other major components, it will be up to you to take the necessary steps to have the warranty honored, such as for the generator, the air conditioning, the thrusters, etc…

Therefore, acquiring a boat requires a much more specialized expertise than that of a car! Contact ITA Yachts Canada Inc. to speak with a professional and independent broker with experience in the following markets (Canada, United States and Europe whether the boat is new or used).

MORE INFORMATION.

Here is some more information about the classification, what the law in Europe says about it.

Here are some links to help you understand the Beaufort index in direct relation with the classification of yachts sold on the territory of the EEC:

Click here for the TRANSPORT CANADA website

Click here for an article on Wikipedia (more descriptive with photo).

According to the EEC rules, here is the description:

The classification of vessels marked “CE

CE marked vessels are classified into four design categories according to their ability to cope with sea conditions characterized by wind speed and significant wave height. Depending on the type of navigation practiced, the boater must choose a vessel whose design category authorizes such practice.

– Design Category A: Recreational vessels designed for winds that can exceed force 8 (on the Beaufort scale) and for waves that can exceed a significant height of 4 meters, excluding exceptional conditions such as storms, severe storms, tornadoes and extreme sea conditions or huge waves (these conditions exclude force 10 and following).

– Design Category B: Pleasure craft designed for winds up to and including force 8 and for waves up to and including 4 meters in significant height.

– Design Category C: Pleasure craft designed for winds up to and including force 6 and for waves up to and including two meters in significant height.

– Design Category D: Pleasure craft designed for winds up to and including force 4 and for waves up to and including 0.30 meters, with occasional waves up to and including 0.50 meters.

Vessels in each of these design categories shall be designed and constructed to withstand the parameters of each of these categories, with respect to buoyancy, stability and other relevant requirements, and to have good maneuverability characteristics.

The known classification bodies for the EEC:

RINA (Registro Italiano Navale),

BV (Bureau Veritas),

DNV (Det Norske Veritas),

Germanischer Lloyd,

LR (Lloyd’s Register).

Ita Yachts Canada provides the information in this article in good faith but cannot guarantee the accuracy of the information or the status of the data. It is the responsibility of the reader to instruct their agents or experts to verify and validate the information in this article.

Published by Guy Bolduc

View all posts by Guy Bolduc

Understanding Yacht Classifications – Definitions, Explanations, and Regulations

Yacht classifications, also known as classification societies or class societies , are an important part of maritime safety. These classifications dictate the design, construction and ongoing maintenance of large commercial vessels and yachts.

The classifications provide highly detailed and technical standards that cover the yacht’s hull, its engines, and key safety systems. The application of common safety requirements to personal vessels like yachts is something relatively new, so the procedures are constantly evolving. Typically, it is dependant on the service and the flag of the yacht.

Standard Yacht Types

Before discussing the different types of yacht classifications, it’s important to understand the different yacht types. Yachts are typically segmented based on the overall length and how many passengers they can accommodate. The standard yacht classification types are large yachts or luxury sailing yachts, commercial yachts, and private yachts.

Large Yachts

Large yachts, also known as luxury yachts, is the largest classification type for yachts. A large yacht has a load line length equal to or over 24m or about 80 feet. Just about every flag administrations have adopted safety codes for large yachts. Therefore, this is the only yacht definition having a universal meaning in the international regulatory framework of yachts.

Commercial Yachts

Commercial yachts are ones that are used for commercial use, whether it be sport or charter. These ships do not transport or carry any cargo and carry no more than 12 passengers.

All flag states require that commercial yachts are certified in accordance with a specific large yacht safety code. The most widely used safety code is the MCA Large Commercial Yacht Code (LY2) published in 2004.

Private Yachts

Private yachts are typical pleasure vessels used for the recreational and leisure purpose of its owner and his guests. In some cases, they are also known as cruising yachts.

What Is A Classification Society?

Classification societies are organizations that set the rules that govern the construction, maintenance, and operation of yachts and vessels. Currently, there are 13 members of the International Association of Classification Societies . Classification societies were first started when insurance underwriters at Lloyd’s of London set standards for the ships that they would ensure.

As a result, Lloyd’s Register of Shipping (LR) was the original classification society. While many of the 13 members do not classify yachts, they cover everything from container ships to supertankers.

The main class societies involved in yachting are the American Bureau of Shipping, Bureau Veritas, Det Norske Veritas, Germanischer Lloyd, Lloyd’s Register, and RINA.

What Is A Flag State?

A vessel’s flag state is the jurisdiction or nationality under whose laws the vessel is registered or licensed. The flag state has the authority and responsibility to create regulations for vessels registered under its flag. These typically involve those relating to the inspection, certification, and issuance of safety and pollution prevention documents for a vessel.

Different flag administrations may perform inspections on the safety aspects of yachts using their own inspectors or use classification societies or other recognized organizations to perform these inspections.

The main flag authorities in the yachting industry are the UK-MCA, Cayman Islands, Isle of Man, Malta, the Marshall Islands, Italy, and Luxembourg.

What Is The Classification Process

The first step of classification involves the assessment of a yacht’s designs and regular inspections during the construction or conversion of a yacht. Once it is confirmed that all standards have been met, a certificate of classification is issued.

The certificate details the standards met, the intended use for the vessel, and whether the vessel should be used only in sheltered waters. The certificate is evidence that a yacht meets industry standards but isn’t necessarily a guarantee of seaworthiness.

Maintaining classification is achieved through regular surveys. These surveys, also known as ‘special’ surveys, typically take place every five years. These surveys assess things like the thickness of the hull, possible fractures, and other potential damage. They also consider the condition of electrical systems, machinery, and equipment.

Mandatory Classification Certificates

There are a variety of different classification certificates. The number and type of the mandatory certificates for a given ship will depend on its size.

International Tonnage Certificate This expresses the internal volumes of the yacht in gross tons. Unlike displacement tonnage, this does not quantify the weight of a vessel.

Large Yacht Code Certificate This certificate covers navigational and signaling equipment, life-saving appliances, fire protection, means of escape, and manning and crew accommodation.

Class Certificate This mainly deals with the yacht’s hull, machinery, electrical equipment, and outfitting.

International Load Line Certificate This certificate covers the weather-tightness of the yacht.

Safety Radio Certificate This certificate only applies if gross tonnage exceeds 300GT. It covers radio communication and distress installations.

MARPOL Annex I Certificate This certificate only applies if gross tonnage exceeds 400GT and covers the disposal of oil and bilge water.

MARPOL Annex IV Certificate This certificate only applies if gross tonnage exceeds 400GT or the yacht is certified to carry more than 15 people and covers the disposal of sewage from ships.

MARPOL Annex V This certificate covers the disposal of rubbish and applies to all ships.

MARPOL Annex VI This is applicable if gross tonnage exceeds 400GT as well as to all main and auxiliary engines with a power exceeding 130kW. It concerns the emissions from main and auxiliary engines (NOx and SOx).

Safety Construction and Safety Equipment These cover machinery, electrical parts, life-saving and navigational equipment for yachts with a gross tonnage above 500GT.

International Safety Management Certificate This only applies to yachts with a gross tonnage greater than 500GT. A certified management company is requested to carry out this service, preparing operational manuals, procedures for drills, and taking care of the maintenance of the yacht and its installations.

International Ship and Port Security Certificate This only applies to yachts and ships with a gross tonnage greater than 500GT and covers the anti-piracy certification. A certified management company is requested to provide ashore assistance and establish onboard procedures and operational manuals.

Keeping Your Yacht Up To Classification

Tess Electrical has years of experience in maintaining yachts and commercial vessels. We deal with vessels 125’ and above, which have more complex systems dictated by Classification, Flag State and Insurance requirements. Even if vessels are not classed, we can still maintain them to those standards.

Give us a call or send us an email to speak with one of our experienced marine engineers about developing a maintenance strategy for your yacht today.

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News Bureau Veritas partners with Tara Ocean Foundation to class polar station

Ensuring comfort, safety and sustainability

Yacht owners, charterers and passengers increasingly expect both top-notch comfort and green credentials from their yacht or from the commercial vessel they charter. While luxury remains at the core of the yacht business, ship owners, operators and charterers must meet port requirements and national regulations for limited emissions. Bureau Veritas offers key technical, regulatory and environmental expertise to enable yachts to continue sailing in protected areas while maintaining high levels of luxury and comfort. Our notations, digital tools, global network, and expertise with super and mega yachts provide a safe and eco-friendly onboard experience.

Enabling regulatory compliance

It is crucial for yachts to comply with safety and technical regulations for ship design, structure and maintenance. Bureau Veritas’ NR 500 Rules for the classification and certification of yachts under 100 meters [1] outline detailed requirements for building materials, hull structure, machinery, automation and more. Find out more about our Rules & Notations for Yachts

[1] Larger yachts must follow class rules for sea-going vessels, and according to the chosen Flag specific yacht codes, for example the Red Ensign Yacht Code.

Improving ship sustainability

To meet changing social and regulatory expectations, yacht owners are increasingly exploring greener shipbuilding and operating practices. Bureau Veritas’ Green notation verifies that yachts have been optimized for energy efficiency, assessing fuel consumption, ship super structure and hull design. Yachts that currently limit their emissions by using hybrid electric power can also earn a Hybrid notation. Those designed to someday use hybrid electric power can earn a Hybrid-Prepared notation

Energy storage systems (ESS) are also an option for yacht owners to reduce emissions while in port and when operating in sensible eco-areas. Those systems also help reduce fuel consumption. Our rules, notations and technical expertise ensure for safe and efficient ESS design and installation. Although our current fuel cell guidelines apply to commercial shipping, Bureau Veritas’ experience in this technology may be of use to owners and yards exploring greener means of energy production and propulsion.

Increasing onboard comfort and wellbeing

Comfort is a non-negotiable element for yacht owners and passengers, and this means ensuring limited onboard noise and vibrations. Yachts can earn Bureau Veritas’ Comfort notation by undergoing an assessment of sources of noise and vibration, such as engines and propellers. Owners and yards can then take measures to improve ship structure and design, reducing noise and increasing comfort. Bureau Veritas has also partnered with owners and operators to establish better bio-risk management. This includes outbreak management plans, embarkation and debarkation plans, protective measures and other health best practices to safeguard the wellbeing of all passengers and crew.

Digital tools for yachts

Bv surveyor looking at a BV Application on Mobile

Digitalization is changing how ship owners expect their vessels to be designed, built, assessed and classed. Bureau Veritas offers a range of digital tools to help yacht owners quickly and accurately conduct classification, assess safety and manage their fleets. These include Veristar Project Management , Digital Classification and remote surveys , and our ComposeIT and StarBoat structural assessment tools. Increased digitalization naturally increases cyber security concerns. Bureau Veritas’ CYBER SECURE notation helps owners comply with IMO legislation (Resolution MSC.428 (98)).

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Navigating statutory requirements

Why build a yacht to class rules?

This is a question an inexperienced yacht owner, or indeed an ambitious small yacht skipper, may pose when considering building or taking command of their first yacht over 24 meters (78.7 feet) in length. In order to answer the question, you must first understand what is meant by the term “class”.

A classification society is a non-governmental organisation that establishes and maintains technical standards for the construction and operation of yachts and ships. So, in order to be “in class”, a vessel must be constructed and maintained in accordance with the classification society’s rules.

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Where it all began

During the 18 th century, classification societies were first and foremost a product of a fledgling insurance industry. At the time, the concept of insurance was still in its infancy and there was little knowledge of those early yacht insurers. As construction methods varied, vessels initially started being classed according to build quality and condition.

The formation of Lloyd’s Register of Ships, in the London coffee house established by Edward Lloyd, a popular haunt with those making a living from trade by sea.

The idea gained traction and as a result, the world’s first classification society, Lloyd’s Register, was born. Insurance premiums could, at last, accurately reflect the risks, with higher build specifications and better maintenance being rewarded with lower premiums.

This has since remained the purpose of the classification societies. Yacht owners are able to insure their vessel much easier and cheaper when the insurance provider knows that the vessel is constructed and equipped in accordance with the established rules of a recognised classification society.

Flag and class

Nowadays, class societies are regarded as experts in the technical aspects of vessel construction and maintenance, and have two distinct, but related, roles:

To research, establish and apply standards for the design, construction and maintenance of vessels. Known as the ‘rules’ of a society, these standards are highly detailed and technical. They cover the strength and integrity of a vessel’s hull, its propulsion systems and other machinery, and its key safety systems, but excludes all aesthetic or operational elements.
To perform much of the statutory inspection work required under international conventions. Historically that work was undertaken mainly for smaller nations with a ship and/or yacht registry, but they didn’t have sufficient expertise or resources to perform all the necessary inspection tasks. These days, it’s common for ship registers of all sizes and capabilities to utilise the resources of classification societies.

The accepted approach is that flag administrations focus their attention on the operational requirements of a vessel, while classification societies, on behalf of the flag administration, focus on a vessel’s conformity to the regulations that pertain to the construction, arrangement and working order of machinery and equipment. This fits well with their core role of verifying continued compliance with the rules, as a considerable number of those regulations are similar, if not identical, to the rules.

During construction, the classification society will make sure the yacht is built according to the class-approved drawings.

Commercial vs pleasure

The SOLAS (Safety of Life At Sea) Convention, a principal instrument of the International Maritime Organisation (the regulatory body of the United Nations for all maritime matters) requires its member states to ensure a minimum level of safety on board vessels flying a member state’s flag, in terms of their construction, equipment and key safety operational matters. It states:

“… ships shall be designed, constructed and maintained in compliance with the structural, mechanical and electrical requirements of a Classification Society which is recognised by the Flag Administration…” (Chapter II-1, Part A-1, Regulation 3.1).

The definition of ships in this regulation is as follows:

“A vessel on an international voyage, either being a passenger ship of any size, or a cargo ship of 500 gross tonnes and above. ”

The term ‘cargo ship’ includes any ship other than a passenger ship. The latter includes any commercially operating yacht of 500GT and above. SOLAS goes on to specifically exempt pleasure vessels not engaged in trade.

The UK’s Large Yacht Code (as well as the Malta and the Marshall Islands equivalent codes, to name a few) echoes that same requirement, but extends it to yachts below 500GT (Chapter 4, Introduction).

Existing yachts below 500 GT that were never built to class rules would struggle to achieve compliance without making necessary disproportionate investments in modifications. They are given the option to operate as a so-called Short Range Yacht, meaning they would be confined to operating no further than 60 nautical miles from a safe haven and in weather conditions of no more than a Beaufort force 4.

So, you might think that if an owner’s intention is to use their yacht purely for private means, they don’t have to worry about, or even pay for, compliance with a classification society’s rules.

Alas, it’s not that simple. Consider the following:

Going back to the origins of classification, the reassurance of the vessel being in class is what will sway insurers, as it is something quantifiable on the basis of years of records and trends analysed.
Insurance premiums will be cheaper for a yacht that is in class than it is for one that is not. The choice of insurance provider will also be much larger.
To register a yacht with a particular flag administration, the owner must fulfil a number of prerequisites. One of them is that the yacht is insured, but many administrations also stipulate outright that a vessel is in class in order for it to be eligible for registering.
Selling a yacht that is registered with a classification society is much more valuable than when it is not. It maximises the potential for sale as it allows a future owner to use the yacht commercially, even if the yacht has not been used commercially before.
What if the next owner has a different preference for registry? Changing the flag will be easier if the vessel is in class?
Even if an owner sets out to use a yacht purely for their own private purposes to begin with, what if they change their mind and wish to offer the yacht for charter to paying guests on the open market, perhaps to potentially recover some of the vessel’s annual operating cost? Again, this is only possible if the yacht is classed.
Last but not least, owning or commanding a yacht that is built and maintained to class rules should be a reassuring notion, giving an owner, captain or crew member peace of mind. After all, when you think about it, the rules merely provide a minimum acceptable standard, not a superior standard compared with other standards. What price do you put on safety?

In summary, it’s very strongly recommended that yachts should be built to and maintained in class for the following reasons:

For yachts intending to engage, or those already engaged, in trade it’s a straightforward regulatory requirement.
Classification merely provides a minimum safety standard. It’s in the best interest of owners and captains of commercial and private pleasure yachts that such standards are upheld on any vessel.
Obtaining insurance for the yacht will prove to be both easier and cheaper, which in turn, will make registering a yacht easier.
The value of a yacht that maintains class shall always remain considerably higher than the same yacht that is not in class.

Want to read more from the Sarnia Yachts team?

What is corporate yacht ownership and when is it used?
Social security in Malta post Brexit

Find out more about Sarnia Yachts . Alternatively, you can read further articles on Yacht Registration & Classification .

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Building to Class

Exploring the yacht classification societies and their benefits.

When you embark on a new-build project for a large custom yacht, one of the first things to determine is whether to have the vessel designed and constructed to meet the technical standards of a yacht classification society – known, for short, as “building to class”.

Maritime classification societies have been around for hundreds of years. The first one, Lloyd’s Register , takes its name from the London coffee shop where it got its start in 1760. The goal of its founders, who met at Edward Lloyd’s Coffee House on Lombard Street, was to give the commercial shipping industry independently recorded information on the quality of the vessels they were looking to hire or insure. The vessels were surveyed and listed in the Register Book with a rating or classification based on the condition of their hull and equipment. Subscriptions to the Register Book paid for the surveyors’ fees.

In the years that followed, other maritime classification societies were established in countries around the world. And since many of the ships they classified voyaged internationally, Lloyd’s Register and the other societies developed technical standards for their classification that were global in their scope. The societies also began offering testing, inspection and certification services to other industries, such as energy, oil and gas, and agriculture, to name a few.

At its core, however, a classification society’s primary role remains to assure a vessel’s quality, safety and seaworthiness.

According to E.J.W. de Boer, global yacht segment director, Lloyd’s Register, “Bringing it back to its roots, the role of class is the worldwide implementation of Rules covering: Structural strength of the hull and watertight integrity [of] essential parts of hull and appendages, Safety and reliability of propulsion and steering systems Effectiveness of essential auxiliary systems.”

Over the years, as boating for pleasure rather than solely for commercial purposes gained popularity, some of the classification societies began to offer their services to the yachting industry as well as to merchant maritime fleets. For example, Lloyd’s first Register of Yachts was published in 1878. Today, these class societies work hand in hand with the yachting industry not only to help improve the quality and safety of large luxury yachts, but also to heighten their cyber security, lower their environmental footprints and build more sustainability into the construction process.

Class vs. Flag

Yacht classification societies are independent from flag states. A flag state is the country or governmental authority under which a yacht, once launched, is registered or licensed, and whose laws and rules it must obey. The flag state is tasked with ensuring that the vessel complies with international and local laws and regulations relating to issues such as safety, labor, taxation and pollution, including those set by the International Maritime Organization (IMO).

While class and flag are separate entities, in many cases, they work together to help ensure the safety of a vessel, as well as of the world’s mariners and the waterways they navigate. For example, the Marshall Islands Registry delegates authority to 14 “Recognized Organizations”, including the major yacht classification societies, to perform ship statutory survey and certification services on its behalf.

The main classification societies serving the international yachting community include the following, in alphabetical order:

American Bureau of Shipping (ABS). Founded in the United States in 1862, the American Bureau of Shipping’s stated mission is: “To serve the public interest as well as the needs of our members and clients by promoting the security of life and property, and preserving the natural environment.” ABS provides a range of services to a wide variety of industries, including yachting. To date, over 500 yachts have been ABS-classed, ranging from historical replicas to some of the fastest and most advanced superyachts in the world.

Bureau Veritas (BV) . Headquartered in France, Bureau Veritas was founded in 1828 to provide up-to-date tracking information about ships and their equipment, making the industry safer. BV now offers training, testing and certification services to many other industries addition to maritime. Continually updating its standards, in November 2022, BV published its NR 500 Rules for the Classification of Yachts with a length not exceeding 100 meters.

China Classification Society (CCS ): Founded in 1956, the China Classification Society is headquartered in Beijing, China. With the objective of “Safety, Environmental protection and Creating value for clients and society”, CCS provides services for a range of industries and fields. The society has been authorized by 60 major shipping states or regions, including China, to perform statutory surveys for the ships and offshore installations flying their flags.

Det Norske Veritas (DNV) . In 1864, Norway’s mutual marine insurance clubs joined together to establish a uniform set of rules and procedures to be used in assessing the risk of underwriting individual vessels. The group aimed to provide, “reliable and uniform classification and taxation of Norwegian ships.” Three years later, a group of 600 ship owners, shipbuilders and insurers gathered in Germany, to found Germanischer Lloyd (GL), a non-profit association based in Hamburg. In 2013, DNV and GL merged to form DNV GL, which was renamed to DNV in 2021.

Lloyd’s Register (LR) . The oldest maritime registry, Lloyd’s Register still specializes in providing professional services and setting technical standards for the maritime industry. Today, LR is a global operation with more than 70 locations serving clients in 182 countries. Involved with the classification of both sailing and motor yachts for more than 144 years, LR reports that today it is the leading yacht classification society with over 50 percent of the market share. More than 1,200 yachts in the 100-foot-plus range have been built to LR classification to date.

Registrano Italiano Navale (RINA) . Established in Genoa, Italy, in 1861, Registrano Italiano Navale registered 340 vessels in its first year. Today, it is an international classification society operating on behalf of 122 flag authorities. RINA’s pillars are technical competence, attention to quality and focus on innovation. Environmentally friendly operation also is a goal. RINA awards a voluntary GREEN PLUS class notation to large yachts that meet its standards for low environmental impact, including carbon emissions.

Prior to starting a new-build project, it is up to the owner to decide which of these classification societies to work with for a new-build project, if any.

“Often the builder, designer and broker will advise the owner on what is most logical for his or her situation,” said Jon Overing, designer of the Cheoy Lee Explorer Series .

Once selected, the classification society becomes involved in the project from the very beginning.

“The designer has to design the vessel to the class society’s standards. Then, the builder has to build to that design, under the supervision of an inspector on site,” Overing said.

The new Cheoy Lee 130 Explorer is built in compliance with Lloyds 100A1 SSC Yacht Mono G6 + LMC, UMS

The yacht’s systems and equipment also are subject to inspection by the class society. These inspections are made at specific milestones during the build, and the yacht must pass a rigorous final survey in order to earn classification status.

Even after the vessel is launched, it must continue to undergo annual inspections, along with a five-year survey, in order to maintain its classification. Naturally, building to class increases cost of a new-build project, but it also adds real value.

Owners who are building yachts solely for their own private use are not required to have the boat built to class. However, there are compelling reasons to do so:

Written assurance of the quality and seaworthiness of the vessel by an independent agency. “You know that what is behind the walls is good. There won’t be any surprises,” Overing said.
More options for securing insurance coverage for the yacht. In fact, several insurance underwriters operating in the yachting sector refuse to cover vessels that are not built to class.
The ability to offer the yacht for charter, now or in the future. A yacht used for commercial purposes, such as charter operations, must be classfied by one of the major societies. Refitting a non-classed yacht so that it will qualify for classification is generally more expensive than building the yacht to class from the beginning.
Higher resale value. The same quality assurance that building to class provides the original owner also will make the yacht easier to sell, and typically will help it to maintain a higher resale price. “Working with LR is claimed to add 5 percent value on the resale value of a yacht,” de Boer said.

Cheoy Lee Yachts offers all of its customers the option of building their new Cheoy Lee luxury yacht to class, and the major yacht classification societies perform in-person inspections on vessels while they are in build at the shipyard.

“All the Cheoy Lee Explorer Series yachts are built to class. I can’t contemplate building a 100-plus-foot yacht, or even a 90-foot boat for that matter, that’s not to class,” Overing said. “It solidifies the checks and balances of a new build.”

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Yacht Classification and Statutory Certification | Marine training course

Get familiarized with the requirements for both classification and statutory surveys for yachts.

Yacht Classification maritime training course

Understanding the classification and statutory certification procedures and processes is essential for anyone in the yachting sector. Follow this course and acquire the necessary knowledge to manage and plan the survey and inspection activities for the classification and statutory certification of a yacht.

Our team remains available to provide you with any further information you may need. Contact us by writing to [email protected] .

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- Applicable class and statutory yacht certificates

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Yacht law explained

Introduction

Understanding Yacht Classifications

Standard Yacht Types

The Role of Classification Societies

Understanding Flag States

The Classification Process for Yachts

Mandatory Classification Certificates

Maintaining Classification and Compliance

The Importance of Yacht Law and Classification

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Understanding Yacht Classifications and What They Mean

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Understanding Yacht Classifications – Definitions, Explanations, and Regulations

Standard Yacht Types

Large Yachts

Commercial Yachts

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What Is A Classification Society?

What Is A Flag State?

What Is The Classification Process

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Keeping Your Yacht Up To Classification

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