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McLaughlin

Thumbnail Filmstrip of McLaughlin Optimist Images

Sku: mc1 mclaughlin optimist.

  • Description

The only Optimist hand built in the United States by experts for over 25 years. McLaughlin has built World Champion hulls for years and have put in the hard work to come out on top. With the stiffest hulls available, minimum weight guaranteed, and best rigging options available, these boats are built to last and consistently perform for years to come.

  • Harken 3:1 Mainsheet Block System
  • Optiparts Padded Hiking Straps
  • Adjustable Mast Step
  • 3 x Optiparts Airbags
  • 2 x Standard Optiparts Bailers

Available Packages

Mclaughlin optimist club racer.

  • Standard McLaughlin Hull
  • Optiparts Upgraded Club Spars
  • New Rule Epoxy Blade Set
  • Dinghy Shop Club Sail with Window

McLaughlin Optimist Intermediate Racer

  • Optiparts Quick Silver Spar Set
  • Dinghy Shop Sweet Blue Race Sail with Window

McLaughlin Optimist Advanced Racer

  • Optiparts Black Gold Racing Spar Set
  • Choice of Quantum or Olimpic Race Sail

McLaughlin Optimist ProRacer

  • Upgraded ProRacer McLaughlin Hull
  • 4:1 Harken Mainsheet System with Double Tapered Mainsheet
  • 2 x Optiparts Large Bailers
  • Optiparts Mast Clamp
  • Extra Padded Adjustable Hiking Straps
  • Optiparts Black Gold / Giulietti or Optimax MK3 spars
  • McLaughlin N1 PRO Foils
  • Quantum or Olimpic Race Sail
  • Clearance Items
  • Covers & Bags
  • Hull Fittings
  • Dollies & Dolly Parts
  • Spar Fittings
  • Tillers & Extensions
  • Training DVDs
  • Training Sails
  • Accessories
  • Blocks & Cleats
  • Boat Packages
  • Books, Games, & DVD
  • Dollies & Wheels
  • Mast Collars & Sleeves
  • Models & Keychains
  • Rudder Fittings
  • Sail Accessories
  • Tillers & Extensions
  • Andersen Bailers
  • Hiking Bench
  • Lunch Containers
  • Sailing Apparel
  • Sailing Bags
  • Teflon Polish & Spray
  • Timers & Watches
  • 420 Equipment
  • Sailcube® Parts
  • Charter Gear
  • Multi Purpose Rib (Coach Boat)

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WindCheck Magazine

Optimist Buying Guide

By tom coleman.

The Optimist; at first glance a simple little kids boat…right? The  more you get to know this “simple” little kids’ boat, the more you realize it’s not so simple. But little Jimmy starts sailing class in a month and you’re told to provide a fully rigged Optimist for his use. Where do you start? What do you really need and what’s it all gonna cost? Tom “Optiguytom” Coleman, long associated with junior sailing, is considered internationally as an Optimist guru, especially when it comes to getting kids started in racing. In this article he helps parents get started into the world of the Optimist, unraveling the mysteries of understanding, choosing and purchasing an Optimist sailboat.

Optimist Basics

The Opti, or Optimist Dinghy, is relatively unchanged from the first prams designed and built by visionary Clark Mills in Clearwater, FL, 65 years ago. Testament to Mills’ genius, the Opti remains the largest and fastest growing sailboat class in the world, a phenomenon as THE definitive teaching boat for hundreds of thousands of children the world over.

The Opti is not for everyone. It was designed for children. Optis are sailed by kids as young as five* years old and can be officially raced by kids up to age fifteen. Although it’s possible for a parent to sail an Optimist alone or with a small child, realistically adult sized sailors just don’t fit well. That’s part of the magic behind why they work so perfectly for kids.

Mills originally designed the Opti to be garage-built out of $50 worth of materials… hence the “one sheet of plywood” nearly 4’x8’ size. Little did Clark know that one day two Optis could easily slide into the back of a Suburban or mini-van, or that Mom and a teen could lift it onto the car top, or that the spars (mast, boom, and sprit) could be shipped UPS or flown as baggage.

https://windcheckmagazine.com/app/uploads/2019/01/optimist_nomenclature-2.jpg

Why Buy Them Their Own Boat?

Many learn-to-sail programs provide Optis for participants, but some have gotten so popular that you will need to supply your own boat. Check with the program and solicit their recommendation on procuring a suitable Optimist. As a rule, Optis hold their value extremely well, making the overall investment quite reasonable. While a brand new, ready to race Optimist will start at less than $3,000, completely rigged Optis suitable for beginners can be had for less than $1,000. Another reason to buy your child their own Opti is the pride of ownership that comes from taking care of their own vessel. It’s a great way to build responsibility and help get them invested in this life-long activity.

What Will They Need to Start?

When we say Optimist, or Opti, we are talking about a complete, ready to sail package. Although there are many possible accessories and upgrades, this is what your child must have:

Hull  – it’s the shell or body of the boat, the vessel itself. The vast majority are built of fiberglass. It includes the deck which runs around the top edge and is for sitting on, not standing. The hull also includes the mast thwart, daggerboard trunk and midship frame. These are all permanently attached during manufacture. Every hull has important parts attached mechanically (with screws), or secured by other means. These include hiking straps, ratchet block, dagger board bungee, three flotation bags, mainsheet, mast step (should be adjustable), and bow line.

Blades  – sometimes called foils. They are the rudder (with tiller and extension) and the daggerboard.

Sail  – usually white, made of Dacron.

Rig  – often called spar set; these are the mast, boom, and sprit; the poles that support the sail. The rig includes the lines (ropes) and blocks (pulleys) that control the sail.

Accessories

Bailers  – need two in the boat at all times, flimsy plastic bottles don’t work and are NOT safe.

Blade Bag  – protects and stores the daggerboard and rudder, makes for easier carrying.

Life jacket  – must be USCG Approved and appropriate size.

Whistle  – secured to life jacket with a short lanyard.

Bow bumper  – protects not only your investment but those of others.

Dolly  – for dockside transport, launching, sometimes storage. Some programs require them.

Covers  – depending on how boat will be stored a top or bottom cover may be a good investment.

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Praddle  – one handed paddle. Regular canoe or telescopic paddles DO NOT WORK!

https://windcheckmagazine.com/app/uploads/2019/01/optimist_nomenclature_top_view-2.jpg

New, Used, Chartered?

New complete Opti packages start at around $2700 while used Optis range from $500 on up depending on age, condition, and accessories. A third option is called a “chartered” or “event” Optimist. Think of these as demos, typically used at a few regattas by good sailors. Often these come with brand new spars and sail, carry new boat warranties, and sell for $200 – 300 below retail.

Club, Intermediate, Advanced, Premium Racer?

Those are names of various Opti packages differentiated by the equipment each comes with. Beginning sailors should be most interested in the “Club” or “Club Racer” version. Besides being the most economical, it’s designed for their level; a little heavier duty with less parts to loose or break. The Intermediate will have some upgrades mainly of interest to racing. The Advanced (read more expensive), are aimed at delivering a product suited exclusively toward competitive sailing and bear no advantage to those starting out. It’s important to know that the hull is really the same in each package and can be upgraded as the sailor progresses with the purchase of different spars, blades, and sails.

Where to Buy

Local Sailing Programs

Check the bulletin boards at local yacht clubs and community sailing centers and you’re likely to find at least a couple of formerly sailed Optis available. Ask around, during weekend and after school Opti classes (yes, most have already started), and you may uncover some unadvertised bargains.

Friendly Neighborhood Dealer

Shopping new or used Optis at your local dealership is perhaps the easiest way to obtain the right boat for your child. Typical small boat sales staff, as a rule, are local sailors and have insight on the surrounding programs and what each expects. You’ll find them to be very knowledgeable, highly enthusiastic, but not pushy.

The best deals can be found at the many spring open houses, boat swaps, or Opti auctions. You’ll be able to compare $600 fixer-uppers and $1,000 bargains (privately owned, taken in on commission) to used, chartered and brand new Optis, all at one location. The dealer can fix you up with necessary accessories, including roof racks to transport the newest addition to your family.

Online shopping can produce some real bargains, but has its limitations. eBay and Craig’s List occasionally have listings, but the drawback of buying sight unseen or traveling a long distance to see only one boat may not prove prudent. A recent search produced only one Opti on ebay and five scattered from New Jersey to Rhode Island.

JSALIS.org has a page of used Optis and equipment for sale as does the Opti Class at usoda.org.

Yes, but is it “Class legal”?

Class legal means that the hull, spars, sail and blades (and some accessories) meet certain rigid requirements pertaining to materials, measurements and construction. These requirements keep the Optimist safe for your child while ensuring that every Opti is virtually the same and one doesn’t have a significant advantage over another on the race course. Your Opti may be class legal if it has a sticker with a unique ISAF number or if very old, an IYRU number. The best guarantee is if you have the measurement papers issued by USODA (United States Optimist Dinghy Association) that came with the boat.

…and is it Necessary?

It’s only necessary if those holding the race say it is. Within your program it shouldn’t matter and most green fleet regattas (for beginners) are only concerned that it is safe and a reasonable facsimile. As your child progresses and begins to do more racing (regionally, nationally and even internationally), having a class legal Optimist is an “Opti-must”.

* It’s generally agreed that most kids are not developmentally ready for formal sailing instruction until 8 years of age.

Tom “OPTIGUYTOM” Coleman has been associated with the Optimist Class as a coach and instructor trainer for over a decade. He was Marketing Manager for McLaughlin Boat Works for nearly fifteen years. In 2004 he was chosen by the US Olympic Committee as Developmental Coach of the Year for Sailing. You’ll find him running the Green Fleet at many top Optimist regattas.

You can reach Tom for clinics and regatta coaching at  Optiguytom@yahoo.com .

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Stay informed.

United States Optimist Dinghy Association

Class contact information.

Click below

Class Email

Class Website

One-Design Class Type: Dinghy

Was this boat built to be sailed by youth or adults? Youth

Approximately how many class members do you have? 1200

Photo Credit:

opti sailboats

About United States Optimist Dinghy Association

USODA is the national class organization for Optimist sailing in the United States.

Our mission is simple: USODA will support and sustain junior sailors, their families, and junior sailing programs with leadership, information, and organization which facilitates the growth of Optimist sailing at all levels. We will accomplish this while promoting fun, safety, self-reliance, and good sportsmanship.

USODA is a 501(c)(3) educational organization, able to receive tax deductible contributions from individuals. Its interest is in promoting a boat, the International Optimist Dinghy (IOD), and promoting sailing across the United States.

Boats Produced: Over 23,000 in the United States

Class boat builder(s):

The Class has multiple builders, with McLaughlin being the sole builder in the United States. The main vendors in the United States for new boats are:

McLaughlin Simmons Boatworks KO Sailing Zim

Approximately how many boats are in the USA/North America?

Where is your One-Design class typically sailed in the USA? List regions of the country:

The Optimist Class is active throughout the US.

Does this class have a spinnaker or gennaker? No

How many people sail as a crew including the helm?  1

Ideal combined weight of range of crew:  75-110 lbs

Boat Designed in  1947

Length (feet/inches): 7’2″

Beam: 3’8″

Weight of rigged boat without sails: 77 lbs

Draft: 2’9″

Mast Height: 7’5″

Class Rules (PDF Doc)

Back to One-Design Central

Copyright ©2018-2024 United States Sailing Association. All rights reserved. US Sailing is a 501(c)3 organization. Website designed & developed by Design Principles, Inc. -->

US One-Design

McLaughlin Optimist

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Relaunching Fall 2023...

May 12, 2023  

US One-Design, Inc , a leading importer and reseller of performance one-design dinghies, gear and accessories has acquired North American’s only manufacturer of Optimist Dinghies, McLaughlin Boat Works.

Having pioneered much of the performance technology used on today’s Optimists, McLaughlin Boat Works has been the leading producer of Optimists for over 25 years. Built right here in the United States, McLaughlin Boat Works has earned a worldwide reputation for craftsmanship, speed, and excellence. American made strength, speed, and durability have been the cornerstones of their manufacturing process, and it shows… McLaughlin has produced more championship sailors than any other boat.  Their commitment to US Optimist sailors and the broader youth sailing community has been unparalleled. “The Sherman family is eager to begin working closely with Trisha Leaver and her team of highly qualified individuals to produce the same consistent, high quality and the only “Made In The USA” McLaughlin Optimists that the sailing community has come to love.” Steve and Mike Sherman will be overseeing the new production line ensuring North America has the highest quality Optimist manufactured in the World.

US One-Design and McLaughlin Boat Works share a common mission of “giving service beyond anyone’s expectations.” US One-Design is committed to supporting competitive youth sailing and will continue McLaughlin’s legacy of supporting US Optimist sailors on-the-ground with charters, education, and regatta support.  Equally important to US One-Design owner, Trisha Leaver, is supporting club and community sailing programs.  Often known for saying “every sailor starts in the green fleet,” Leaver’s passion for getting … and keeping … sailors of all ages and abilities out on the water is the foundation upon which US One-Design was built.

McLaughlin Boat Works, in partnership with US One-Design, is open for business and committed to providing the same exceptional sales, service, and support that have made them the top choice for individual Optimist sailors, clubs and community sailing programs across the country for over 25 years.  Current inventory coupled with start-up production will assure an adequate supply of Mclaughlin Optimist for 2023 and beyond.

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The 5 Best Sailboats For Beginners

5-best-sailboats-for-beginners

Last Updated by

Daniel Wade

December 27, 2023

Sailing is a fun activity for people of all experience levels. In fact, learning to sail a basic boat is relatively easy—in the right environment, you can start cruising with minimal experience.

However, the idea of a beginner commanding a 55-foot ketch in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean is a bit ridiculous. Even though virtually everyone can sail, beginners should learn the basics in a controlled environment—and on the correct boat.

Boat size doesn’t necessarily affect its beginner-friendliness, because sailors need to take into account factors such as rig simplicity and handling characteristics. 

Many beginners make the mistake of picking the wrong boat to begin with, which can lead to frustration and turn them off of sailing forever.

To mitigate these issues, this article will cover the best sailboats for beginners —so you can get on the water and start sailing safely and comfortably.

Table of contents

‍ Best Rigs for Beginners 

There are many types of sailboat rigging , and some are more beginner-friendly than others. Unfortunately, some of the most aesthetically pleasing rigs are also the most complicated. 

Eventually, sailors can acquire enough skill to master complex rigs, but it’s best to start simple. 

Arguably, one of the simplest sailing rigs is the Lateen Rig. This rig consists of a mast, boom, and spar, along with a single halyard and mainsheet. With only two ropes in its simplest configuration, the Lateen Rig makes an excellent starter sailboat, and it will be featured on this list. 

For larger boats, the Bermuda Sloop rig is an excellent choice. This rig is quite common and includes a jib for a larger sail plan.

For those who desire a slightly more robust (but single sail) layout, the gaff-rigged catboat is also an excellent choice. This versatile craft (and rig) has a large and relatively simple single sail, which is easier to handle than multiple sails.

Top Five Sailboats for Beginners 

Now, we’ll go over the top five sailboats for beginners . These boats will descend in order from smallest to largest, but not by the level of experience needed.  

Remember, just because you’re new to sailing doesn’t mean you have to settle for a boat that’s too small. Beginners can handle larger boats with some training, and some are easier to handle than their smaller counterparts.  ‍

The following boats were chosen because of their handling characteristics, low cost-of-ownership, and simplicity, as all of these factors are important for choosing the best beginner sailboat.

5) Sailing Dinghy

The sailing dinghy is the quintessential starter sailboat. These tiny, lightweight, popular, and highly affordable little craft is easy to operate and relatively difficult to capsize. The popular Optimist Sailing Dinghy, while designed for children up to the age of about 15, can be used (sometimes hilariously) by adults as well. An Optimist-style dingy is a great option for beginners over the age of 15, as boats of this style can be found in a variety of sizes. The sailing dinghy is a very popular youth racing sailboat, especially in the United States and the United Kingdom. While it’s not particularly fast, this little boat has wonderful handling characteristics and is relatively difficult to capsize. This open-cockpit boat uses a centerboard and detachable tiller and can be beached or carried atop a car without much hassle. The mast is removable, and all parts are easily stowed. Overall, the Optimist and its copycats are a remarkable little craft, equally useful as a tender for a larger boat or a standalone beginner sailboat.

Dinghy rigs vary between builders, but many use the simple Spirit Rig. The rig consists of a single sail and mainsheet, along with one mast, boom, and spar. The leech is stiffened by battens, and ties along the luff secure it all to the mast. Hoisting and securing the rig is easy, and lines are secured to the boat by a cleat. This simple rig has plenty of sail area for most places, and sailors can secure the mainsheet to a block or simply hold it in their hands.

The price of sailing dinghies can vary widely depending on multiple factors. Professionally-made sailing dinghies start around $3,500 new, and plywood kits are available for around $1,000 to $2,000. Used dinghies (including Optimist sailing dinghies) can be found on Craigslist for as low as a few hundred dollars. 

{{boat-info="/boats/vanguard-sunfish"}}

The Sunfish is a brilliant little sailboat, and a very fast boat indeed. This little racing dinghy, while only 13 feet in length, can be an enormous amount of fun for beginners and experienced sailors alike. The best way to describe the handling of a Sunfish is, ‘tender,’ though it’s not difficult to master this little boat. For its size, the Sunfish has a relatively large sail area and a very shallow draft. This boat has a small cockpit and can be controlled easily by a single person. The large sail plan of the Lateen-Rigged Sunfish makes for excellent performance in light winds and amazing speed on windy days. The Sunfish is a lightweight fiberglass boat with a simple rig and is a great step-up from a sailing dinghy. It’s possible to learn how to sail on this boat, but every sailor who’s spent time on a Sunfish will probably recommend bringing a towel. The boat is relatively easy to capsize for beginners and it heels aggressively, but these characteristics can teach sailors some important lessons. The heeling characteristics of the Sunfish can help beginners get accustomed to the feeling and help them understand the limits of a sailboat and how to avoid capsizing.

The Sunfish features a Lateen Rig, which has some shared characteristics with the simple Spirit Rig. The Lateen Rig has a single spar, mast, and boom, and is easy to set up and dismantle. The mast is removable as well, making stowing and transportation relatively easy. The large sail plan of the Sunfish makes it ideal for lakes and other areas where the wind is sporadic or very low, and the boat can be safely handled in many conditions. The boat is great for racing and learning and is also available in a Bermuda rig. The Sunfish is recognizable by the distinctive fish logo in the top corner of the sail, and the classic rainbow sails striping.

The Sunfish is still commercially manufactured. You can purchase one new from the factory for around $5,000 today, and options are available to make the boat your own. While the boat is designed to be sailed by a single person, two adults can purchase this boat and use it together comfortably. Used Sunfish prices vary, but a fully-outfitted boat in good condition can cost upwards of $1,000. They hold their value well, and they’re a great choice for beginners. 

{{boat-info="/boats/vanguard-laser"}}

The Laser is considered by many to be the Sunfish’s main competitor. The two boats are the same length (13 feet 9 inches) and share many of the same handling characteristics. However, the boats do have some notable differences. Many people consider the Laser to be a step-up from the Sunfish in difficulty, as the boat handles much more like a racer. The Laser has been used in the Olympics for racing. The laser is small and simple enough for beginners but requires skill to operate. Beginners can learn a lot from sailing a Laser and have an enormous amount of fun in the process. This fast little boat is simple and easy to set up but handles like a racecar.  If you’re a beginner on a laser, you’ll probably capsize at some point—which isn’t always a problem if you’re in a controlled environment, as the boat can be righted easily.

The laser is a Cat Rigged boat. This means it has only one mainsail and no headsails. The simple rig has a mast and a boom and is very easy to set up. The sail area of the laser is relatively large and designed for speed in high winds. The rig combined with the overall design of the sailboat makes it handle tenderly, which may be off-putting to some beginners. Regardless, it’s still a blast to sail for beginners with some experience.

New Laser sailboats start around $6,000 which is slightly more than the Sunfish. This simple centerboard cruiser is constructed as a race boat, which can explain some of the price increase. Used Laser sailboats are available on the market, though usually not as common as the Sunfish. Used Laser prices vary widely.

2) Gaff-Rigged Catboat

The gaff-rigged catboat isn’t a brand of boat—it’s a style of a sailboat that was once a popular workboat on the New England coast. This boat, which has only one mainsail and no headsails, is available in a wide range of designs. Catboats are famous for their handling and power and make a great sailboat for beginners. These vessels are available with centerboards, keels, cabins, and in open designs. Most catboats range from 15 to 19-feet long and can be built from wood or fiberglass. Catboats are easy to handle, and one who learns on a small catboat can easily transition to a larger one. Besides being one of the most easily recognizable sailboats, catboats are also some of the most versatile. A catboat can be just as suitable for lake cruising as it is for coastal waters.

The most common type of catboat rig is the Gaff Rig. This classic and robust rig is more complex than the simple Spirit and Lateen rig, but it’s more suitable for a ‘proper ship.’ The Gaff Rig can provide similar power as an equivalent Bermuda Rig, with much more elegance and a shorter mast. Many sailors prefer the classic Gaff Rig for its handling characteristics and durability.

It’s impossible to specify the price of catboats because they vary so much in design and size. New catboats (between 15 and 25-feet) can be purchased for less than $20,000, and used boats are numerous and varied. Cabin catboats tend to cost more, especially new—some run for more than $50,000 with a high level of amenities, including a head and galley. Numerous catboat plans are available online, and sailors report constructing them (usually of plywood) for just a few thousand dollars.

1) West Wight Potter 19

{{boat-info="/boats/west-wight-potter-19"}}

The West Wight Potter 19 is a fiberglass sailboat designed for safety, easy handling, and beginner-friendliness. This 19-foot trailer-sailor features a cabin with a vee-berth, a simple rig, and a retractable keel. The West Wight Potter 19 could potentially be the best cabin sailboat for beginners, and certainly one of the safest—the West Wight Potter 19, according to the manufacturer, is quite literally unsinkable. The hull is filled with buoyant materials, allowing the boat to be flooded and remain afloat. However, unsinkability isn’t the only characteristic of this boat that makes it ideal for beginners. The rig is simple and easy to set up, and the handling characteristics are excellent. The boat is not prone to aggressive heeling and handles confidently in a variety of conditions. While one generally wouldn’t consider it to be a blue-water cruiser, it’s still extremely capable—one sailor even sailed this vessel from California to Hawaii , which is over 2,000 nautical miles. The theoretical hull speed of this boat is around 5.4 knots, but it actually has a tendency to plane and achieve higher speeds. It’s a flat-bottomed cruiser, making it easy to beach and transport with its retractable keel and removable rudder. The West Wight Potter 19 is a great introduction to large sailboats and carries amenities normally reserved for boats at least 1/3 larger.

The West Wight Potter 19 is a Bermuda-Rigged sloop. The sail plan is sufficiently large to propel the boat in a variety of conditions, but not so large that it overpowers the boat. Sailors can single-hand the boat with ease, and set up and takedown are easy and require no special tools. The boat handles well in a variety of conditions and is well-known for its superior stability. The rig comes apart easily and can be stowed and trailered by one person.

The West Wight Potter 19 has been produced and sold commercially since the 1970s, and the used market has plenty of boats available, generally starting around $5,000. New West Wight Potter 19 sailboats are remarkably affordable compared to other boats with comparable characteristics. The West Wight Potter 19 is manufactured by International Marine in California. New sailboats start at just shy of $25,000. Owners can add an enormous range of extra features to their boats, including a hull-strengthening ‘blue water’ package, a stove, a head, electrical power, spare parts, and much more. The boats are highly customizable and can be outfitted for weekender sailing or long-term liveaboard cruising.

How to Pick a Sailboat

Picking a sailboat for beginners doesn’t have to be difficult.  Before deciding on a boat, consider your experience level and location.

If you only have access to rough ocean, it may not be the best idea to get an open dinghy.

If you live near a lake, a Sunfish could be a great way to start.

Also, consider your budget. If you’re looking for a $50 sailboat, you can probably find one, but it won’t be ideal.

If you have just a few thousand dollars to spend, you can set yourself up nicely with a little research .

Also, consider what you want to do with the sailboat. Recreation, fishing , cruising , and exploration are options, and require different kinds of boats.

Whichever you end up choosing, make sure you try it out and can sail it comfortably.

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I've personally had thousands of questions about sailing and sailboats over the years. As I learn and experience sailing, and the community, I share the answers that work and make sense to me, here on Life of Sailing.

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OPTIMIST DINGHY SPEED GUIDE

North Sails class leaders Zeke Horowitz and Juan Carlos Romero answer your International Optimist Dinghy speed and boathandling questions.

Who sails an Optimist Dinghy?

The pram-style Optimist is a great starter boat for learning to sail and later learning to race, and youth sailors can literally take their Optimist Dinghy to whatever level they want. Any motivated young Optimist sailor will develop both confidence and dinghy sailing skills, from boathandling techniques to big-fleet strategy and tactics; some will go on to race at the highest levels. The sailors who do best in the class are those who spend the most time sailing their boats, usually with a good coach, strong sailing program, and ample resources. The International Optimist Dinghy Association is the biggest one-design class in the world.

Optimist speed guide

Top young Optimist sailors line up on the starting line at a clinic held on Miami's Biscayne Bay.

Who is the ideal Optimist sailor physically?

Sailors should be fit and agile, able to move gracefully and hike out for extended periods. Those who do best are usually 12 to 14 years old and weigh up to 110 pounds. Regionally, top sailors can still compete at 115 or even 120 pounds. Girls sail equally with boys, and it’s common to see three or four girls in the top 10 at any regatta.

What are three top Optimist speed tips?

  • Find a good coach and team.
  • Focus hard while you’re on the water.
  • Do well in school so you can miss days while off sailing.

What should buyers know when choosing an Optimist Dinghy?

Any sailor’s first boat is typically a used boat, to allow for collisions due to inexperience with dock landings and being in close quarters with other boats. Competitive sailors will normally move up to new boats as they reach higher levels. Older boats can remain competitive, but heavy travel and racing schedules put a fair amount of wear and tear on the boats. As a result, used boats may need gelcoat dings and scratches repaired. A fully outfitted new boat may run $5,500, while a good used boat costs 30 to 40 percent less. Keep in mind that you can purchase different sizes of boom section with different stiffness, although most sailors stick with a mid-range version. As a sailor grows, a stiffer boom may be preferred. If your mast is extremely bendy, it may also help to replace it with a stiffer one as experience and size merit.

How do you move an Optimist Dinghy around?

An Optimist weighs only 35 kilograms (77 pounds), which makes it easy to put on top of a car. There are also many trailering options; some teams own trailers that carry up to 18 boats, plus a coach boat!

How long does it take to rig an Optimist Dinghy?

Rigging time depends on how focused the sailor is on the task, but it’s not hard to have a boat ready in 40 minutes. What’s most time-consuming is attaching the sail to the spars, which in the Optimist requires tying knots in a way that’s carefully prescribed by the rules (see the North Sails Optimist Tuning Guide ). The goal is to match the luff curve with how much the mast will bend in a given condition, which varies depending on a sailor’s weight.

How many sails are allowed?

Top sailors will take two sails to a regatta, but just one sail is allowed for the duration of the event; the other is a backup in case of a breakdown. There is some nuance to selecting Optimist sails, but North presents a good choice of radial or crosscut sails of different size depending on the sailor’s weight. Read more about what North offers , from a crossover sail for beginners, to two crosscut and four radial-cut racing sails.

International Optimist Dinghy Tuning

What are the keys to rig set-up.

Opti sail set up

Properly eased outhaul tension shows wrinkles at each sail tie giving ample power to the lower part of the sail.

What control systems are unique to the Optimist?

Optimist sprit tension

A modest wrinkle from the top of the mast extending toward the end of the boom indicates correct sprit tension.

Optimist Dinghy Upwind Sailing

How do you trim the sail upwind in light air.

Opti sailing upwind

Shown sailing in a clinic (without sail numbers), these Optimist Dinghies show off the design’s distinct profile with sprit rig and squared off bow and stern.

When sailing in medium winds, how should the sail be trimmed upwind?

Move the mast rake back to your base setting when you move to the rail, and in choppy conditions, pull the outhaul tight enough so the vertical creases at the boom sail ties extend only up to the first seam. Smooth out the wrinkles in the luff by removing one twist in your boom preventer, so you achieve a round, deep nice shape for the entry. You want moderate luff tension, but you don’t want it tight. Trim the sprit so the sail is very smooth, and trim the mainsheet so the boom is right over the corner or just inside the corner of the transom.

In hiking mode or heavy air upwind, how do you trim the sail?

When hiking, rake the mast a bit forward from your base setting to compensate for how the mast will bend. Have your outhaul tight enough that a crease shows in the foot, until you fill the sail with wind. Take another twist off the boom preventer to get good tension on the luff. Sprit pole tension should still be tight and the sail, smooth. When trimming, ease the boom to the corner of the boat and sometimes just outside the corner.

When the Optimist is sailing upwind, overpowered, how should the sail be trimmed?

Optimist close up

Demonstrating good upwind sail trim, this Optimist sailor is flying her leech telltales and has the boom trimmed at or near the transom corner.

What are the key gear changes in an Optimist when sailing upwind?

The Optimist sailor’s focus when sailing upwind is primarily on body movement, mainsheet trim, and steering the boat. None of the sail controls are adjusted. When there are choppy conditions or a big wave, bear off and ease the sail to stay powered up. In a flat spot, trim harder to improve your pointing. Because the Optimist is a hard-chine boat, keeping the boat flat is critical—the boat makes leeway and the rudder works like a brake when you allow heel.

What else is important upwind?

One important technique to learn is “sailing and bailing.” Two buckets are attached to the boat with bungee cords, and the technique is to scoot aft and squeeze the bailer bucket between your front leg and the bulkhead, rocking the boat to windward to fill the bailer by feathering the boat up and hiking at the right time. Move your mainsheet and tiller extension to the same hand and use your free hand to toss the water in the bailer overboard. Don't forget that a full bailer of water weighs 8 pounds, which is quite a bit of weight working against you when it’s sloshing around the floor of your boat.

Optimist Dinghy Downwind Sailing

Where do you sit when sailing the optimist downwind.

Heading downwind, you always sit on the rail, heeling a little to windward to lift the leeward chine out of the water and to tilt the sail a little higher. In light air and until you’re surfing, stay forward, with your shins against the bulkhead. Effectively, you’re staying in the middle of the boat. In surf and big waves, move aft quite a bit to avoid submarining the bow under a wave and then move forward again. The amount of fore-and-aft body movement is greater in an Optimist than in some other singlehanders because the bow is blunt, so in waves you need to work hard to keep it above water.

How do you trim downwind?

Opti sailing downwind

This sailor’s downwind trim shows slight windward heel, mainsheet eased to 90 degrees, and daggerboard fully raised.

How much pumping of the main is fast downwind?

Pumping the main is fast any time there’s good wind and waves. Top sailors grab the sheet at the ratchet block and pump it by extending their hand up over their heads. You are allowed one pump per wave, and at major regattas there are on-water judges keeping count.

How do you shift gears when sailing an Optimist downwind?

Think about how far in or out you have the boom, and think about how much you should be moving fore and aft. In max light air, the daggerboard is up, the boom is out past 90 degrees, and you’re focused on keeping the boat as quiet and at as steady an angle of heel as possible. In 20 knots, it’s completely different—the board is only two-thirds of the way up, you are pumping on every wave, and you are moving all over the place.

Optimist Dinghy Boathandling

What are the keys to starting well in an optimist.

It’s important to get into the front row and hold your position on the line in advance of the start. It’s also key not to get flagged for sculling with your rudder. This takes practice, always keeping the boat moving but at the slowest speed possible. You want just enough flow across the leech of your main to hold your spot. The boats tack quickly, so we recommend that you learn to do a quick double-tack; sometimes when there’s space to windward, you can tack twice and gain valuable room on your lee side for acceleration.

What are the keys to tacking an Optimist well?

Optimist tack

Steering from behind your back, move what was your forward, mainsheet hand aft to hold the tiller extension as well, then bring your other hand around and take the mainsheet. In all conditions, over-trim the mainsheet when you start your tack until head to wind so you maintain flow on your sail, then ease it through rest of the process and finally trim the sheet afterwards, usually after the boat has been flattened. In medium air, you make the same move, but it happens faster and you’re moving from rail to rail. The main trim is the same. When it’s windy, you hardly roll the boat and simply move quickly across, grabbing the rail with one hand to get there. Ease the main during the tack once you pass head to wind and then trim when fully hiked.

What are the worst mistakes in tacking an Optimist?

Over-rolling the boat and filling it with water is easily the worst mistake. In light air, be sure not to use too much rudder. That’s slow, and so is not getting enough roll. We have one word to describe finding the right amount of roll for each condition—practice!

What are the keys to jibing an Optimist well?

In light air, keep it smooth. Have the boat rocked to weather already, then just lean in and grab the parts of the mainsheet, lean out, and pull the sail over. Stand up and walk across the boat to avoid a big splash, then transition to heel the boat again to windward. In medium winds, your roll jibe is the same but involves a quick hop across the boat (as you would in a tack). In heavy air, the jibe is different. Your main goal is “Don’t flip over.” Try to pull the boom across while surfing a big wave because your sail will be less loaded and you’ll be more in control; however, you’ll often find the boom still has enough load on it to require a strong pull. A common mistake is to get stuck—you’ve turned the boat part way, but the main is too loaded to come across. When you are ready to jibe, jibe with confidence by making a decisive turn at the same time that you pull the main over. As the sail comes over, cross the boat quickly to the rail and steer back to leeward on the new jibe. Make sure the main doesn’t get eased beyond 90 degrees as you jibe, or you’ll surely flip.

Do you have any other suggestions for jibing in heavy air?

The chicken jibe (also known as “tacking”) is popular when it’s blowing. If you’re a less-experienced heavy-air sailor and not sailing in the top 20, this is a great way to be sure you’ll stay in the race.

Can you recover on your own from capsizing an Optimist?

An Optimist sailor can “self-rescue” because the boat has three air bags. Make sure they are fully inflated so less water gets in the boat. If you flip, right the boat from the windward side and spend at least one minute standing in the boat and bailing hard with both bailers, which are attached to the boat with bungee cords. At that point you can start sailing and bail out the rest as you go.

What boathandling drills do you recommend?

Optimist dinghy leeward mark

The board is down and the main is powered up for the turn at the leeward mark. A bit of leeward heel would reduce the amount of rudder required.

What are the most common Optimist boathandling mistakes?

Let’s start with not capsizing. It takes practice to learn where the edge is in heavy air. Other mistakes we see include using too much rudder instead of doing smooth roll tacks and roll jibes. This applies to sailing in a straight line, too. For example, avoid using too much rudder downwind. If you start heeling to weather too much, the boat wants to head down. Instead of pushing the tiller to compensate, shift your body weight to leeward and trim the main.

What’s the coolest thing about the International Optimist Dinghy class?

The Opti class is by far the largest and most dynamic one-design class, in part because it has the most variables on the planet. Parents, coaches, and thousand of young sailors, growing up through a super-sensitive time of their lives. The basic strategies and tactics the class requires are a great outlet and an excellent way to learn the values of discipline and conservative decision-making. Whether you travel and learn about getting through airports and how to make friends in other countries, or you simply learn to take care of your own boat and sail on your own, Optimist sailing is a chance for you to learn a whole lot about yourself in a supportive, fun, rewarding environment. The Optimist is sailed all over the world and has a half dozen continental championships. After sailors age out, some go on to contend for Laser Radial and 4.7 world titles, and many become leading competitors in doublehanded classes such as the 420 and 29er. A final testament to the class: the great majority of skippers at the 2016 Olympics got their start in the Optimist class.

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  • 1997 Beneteau Oceanis 461 Turn-key Blue Water Ready $174,999 San Diego
  • Capri 14 for sale $1,200 Long Beach
  • MacGregor V222 $2,500 long beach / 562
  • Sailboat -- Sailing Lessons $100 LA Harbor
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  • SHARE 25'CATALINA SAILBOAT $325 Marina Del Rey
  • Hobie Mirage Tandem Island 2017 $7,500 Valencia
  • 36' strip plank mahogany cruising sloop $1 San Pedro
  • Ohlson 35 Classic Sailboat // 1958 $22,000 Marina Del Rey
  • Columbia 34 $10,000 Long Beach
  • 1984 Newport 33' Sailboat, $14,000 Long Beach
  • 27 Sailboat Ericson $8,900 Marina del Rey
  • 35 Challeger Ketch 1974 $10,000 Channel Islands Harbor
  • 1 year Non-equity owner in a sailboat $12,500 Long Beach
  • Cape Dory typhoon $7,300 Long Beach
  • 1975 Catalina 30 $7,000 Marina Del Rey
  • MERIT 25 - Sailboat - Super Fun to Sail $2,500 Marina del Rey
  • Ericson 35 Price Reduced $10,000 San Diego, CA
  • 1978 Baba 30ft Augustina $47,500 marina del rey
  • 1979 Catalina 30 Electric Sailboat $11,500 Marina Del Rey
  • Newport 28 mk2 - Sale or Trade $13,000 San Pedro, CA
  • 1978 Newport 27 Sailboat $4,500 Wilmington
  • 1997 Macgregor 26x $13,500 California City
  • World Cruising Hans Christian 43T $105,000 Malibu/CI harbor
  • 1972 Catalina 27 $2,500 San Pedro
  • Hydra Sail 17-1 $300 Santa Clarita
  • Catalina 42 1989 $68,000 Marina del Rey
  • Half Ship Model $300 Eagle Rock
  • 32’ Catamaran Sailboat $39,000 Long Beach
  • 1982 Laguna 26 Sailboat $3,750 Marina del Rey
  • (89) Catalina 34 MK 1, 1989 Tall Rig $39,900 westside-southbay-310
  • 2005 Catalina 400 MKll $135,000 Marina Del Rey
  • 1997 Catalina 380 $89,700 Long Beach
  • Laser sail boat $200 Tarzana
  • Catalina 22 $7,000 Marina del Rey
  • Cal 36 Sailboat $19000 OBO $19,000 Marina del Rey
  • 2001 SEADOO $1,200 VanNuys
  • Crew for boat charters needed $50 Marina del Rey
  • $1000 Excalibur 26 sailboat $1,000 Marina del rey
  • 34' Columbia sailboat for Sale $12,500 Redondo Beach
  • Waller 880 catamaran 2008 $69,000 OBO San Pedro
  • Lido 14' Sailboat $1,100 Palos Verdes
  • 25’ Catalina - PRICE DROP! $3,500 Marina Del Rey
  • Catalina 38 1979 80% rebuilt. As is sell $8,000 Marina Del Rey
  • 17 Ft Boston Whaler Harpoon sailboat $800 Reseda
  • J/80 Sailboat $27,500 Long Beach
  • 2005 Macgregor 26M Sailboat $16,999 Pasadena
  • ILCA 7 - PSA - Southeast Sailboats $6,700 Manhattan Beach
  • Boats and more for sale! $1 Big Bear City, CA
  • 1974 Ranger 33 $8,000 San pedro
  • 36’ union Polaris $25,000 Wilmington
  • boat covers & upholstery $0 long beach
  • 1988 Catalina 36 tall mast for sale by owner $65,000 Marina Del Rey
  • 2018 Sea-Doo GTR 230 turbo charged $11,000 Northridge
  • 45' LOA Sea Ray EC w/Twin Cummins $105,000 Marina del Rey
  • 14’ Lido with 15 HP Mercury marine 2 stroke motor $1,300 Monterey Park
  • Catalina 400 MKII 2005 $169,000 Marina Del Rey
  • 10’ AVON RIGID BOTTOM INFLATABLE W 10 HP MERCURY $3,000 Marina del rey
  • 2009 Boston Whaler Montauk with Fishing Package $28,000 Long Beach
  • 1971 Columbia 43ft. Sailboat $12,000 Wilmington
  • 1971 Ericson **39’ feet** flush deck** $7,900 Wilmington

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Has Completed, Had Completed, & Have Completed: Grammar Rules Explained

Last Updated: May 15, 2024 Fact Checked

This article was co-authored by Tristen Bonacci and by wikiHow staff writer, Jessica Gibson . Tristen Bonacci is a Licensed English Teacher with more than 20 years of experience. Tristen has taught in both the United States and overseas. She specializes in teaching in a secondary education environment and sharing wisdom with others, no matter the environment. Tristen holds a BA in English Literature from The University of Colorado and an MEd from The University of Phoenix. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 53,445 times.

The English language is full of grammar rules that can take a little practice to learn. Take “has completed” or “had completed”—they’re very similar, but used in specific cases. We’ll guide you through when to use “has completed,” or “had completed.” We’ll also explain when “have completed” is the best choice.

When to Use "Has Completed"

Use

  • She has completed the marathon.
  • The computer has completed running its diagnostics.
  • He has completed filling out the forms.

When to Use "Had Completed"

Choose

  • I had completed my work when my friends showed up.
  • They had completed their task before starting their next challenge.
  • We had completed our homework, but we forgot it at home. [3] X Research source

When to Use "Have Completed"

Step 1 Use

  • I have completed outlining my essay.
  • You have completed listening to the podcast.
  • I have completed my training.

Step 2 Choose

  • They have completed their project.
  • We have completed our assignment.
  • The kids have completed their homework.

Expert Q&A

You might also like.

Abbreviate Years

  • ↑ https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/grammar/verbtenses
  • ↑ https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/grammar/verbforms
  • ↑ https://kpu.pressbooks.pub/effectiveenglish/chapter/simple-past-past-continuous-and-past-perfect/
  • ↑ https://www.grammarly.com/blog/present-perfect-tense/
  • ↑ https://www.grammarly.com/blog/has-vs-have/

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Englishan

Future Perfect Tense With Examples, Rules, Usage

Future Perfect Tense With Examples, Rules, Usages

The Future Perfect Tense is a verb tense used to describe an action that will be completed at some point in the future before another action or time. In this tense, we combine “will have” with the past participle of the main verb. It emphasizes the completion of an action before a specific point or event in the future.

  • She will have finished her homework by 8 PM.
  • They will have left for the airport by the time you arrive.
  • I won’t have completed the puzzle by lunchtime.
  • They won’t have fixed the car before the mechanic arrives.
  • Will you have submitted your report by tomorrow?
  • By Friday, will they have chosen a new team captain?

Table of Contents

Usages of the future perfect tense.

Completed Action Before a Point in the Future

The future perfect tense describes an action that will be finished before a specific time or event.

  • She will have completed her chores before dinner.
  • By the time you arrive, I will have finished writing the report.
  • They will have built the new playground before the school year starts.
  • I won’t have finished my homework before the movie begins.
  • They won’t have completed the project by the deadline.
  • She won’t have cooked dinner before the guests arrive.
  • Will you have completed the assignment by tomorrow?
  • By the time they get here, will you have finished cleaning?
  • Will they have renovated the kitchen by the end of the month?

Emphasizing Duration

The future perfect tense can be used to emphasize the duration of an action that will be completed before a specific point in the future.

  • She will have lived in the city for a decade by next year.
  • By the time I graduate, I will have studied engineering for five years.
  • They will have known each other for twenty years by their anniversary.
  • I won’t have worked at this job for more than a year by the time I leave.
  • By next month, she won’t have lived in the neighborhood for even a year.
  • They won’t have known each other for a decade by their reunion.
  • Will you have worked here for five years by the end of the contract?
  • By next summer, will she have lived in the city for ten years?
  • Will they have been married for twenty years by their anniversary?

 Hypothetical Situations

The future perfect tense can be used to discuss hypothetical situations or possibilities that may be completed by a certain time in the future.

  • If she practices every day, she will have become a skilled pianist by the end of the year.
  • If you save money regularly, you will have enough for a vacation by next summer.
  • If they start now, they will have planted a beautiful garden by the time of the party.
  • If she doesn’t water the flowers, they won’t have bloomed by the wedding.
  • If you miss the bus, you won’t have arrived at the event on time.
  • If they don’t practice, they won’t have memorized the lines for the play.
  • If you study hard, will you have completed the assignment by tomorrow?
  • If we start early, will we have reached the summit by noon?
  • If they work together, will they have finished the project by the deadline?

Future Perfect Tense Chart

Future Perfect Tense Chart with Definition, Rules, Structure, Usages, Example Sentences

Signal Words

Signal words are words or phrases that indicate the use of the future perfect tense. They often help identify when an action will be completed or its relationship to other events.

  • By (specific time): By tomorrow, By the end of the week, By next year.
  • Before (specific time): Before the party starts, Before the deadline, Before the meeting .
  • By the time (specific time): By the time you arrive, By the time the movie starts.
  • At (specific time): At 6 PM, At the concert.
  • In (period of time): In a month, In a year.
  • She will have completed her project by tomorrow.
  • They will have fixed the car before the weekend.
  • We will have arrived at the destination by noon.
  • He will have finished his homework by the time you call.
  • I will have graduated from school by next year.
  • I won’t have received the package by the end of the day.
  • They won’t have cleaned the house before the guests arrive.
  • She won’t have cooked dinner by the time you get home.
  • He won’t have fixed the computer by tomorrow morning.
  • We won’t have completed the puzzle before bedtime.
  • By next month, will you have finished the book?
  • Before the meeting, will they have prepared the presentation?
  • By the end of the week, will she have visited all the museums?
  • By the time of the event, will he have learned the dance?
  • Before the deadline, will we have completed the project?

Time Expressions

Time expressions in the future perfect tense are phrases or words that indicate when an action is expected to be completed. These expressions help provide context and specify the point in the future when the action will be finished.

Here are some common time expressions:

By + specific time, Before + specific time, By the time + specific time, At + specific time, In + period of time.

  • By next Sunday, she will have finished reading the book.
  • They will have completed the renovation before the end of the month.
  • By the time the movie starts, we will have bought our tickets.
  • He will have graduated from college by the year 2025.
  • By the end of the day, she will have written five articles.
  • Before the exam, I won’t have studied the entire syllabus.
  • They won’t have painted the house by next weekend.
  • Before the presentation, he won’t have prepared the slides.
  • By the time the party begins, she won’t have baked the cake.
  • Before the trip, they won’t have packed their bags.
  • By next month, will you have completed the project?
  • Before the concert, will they have rehearsed all the songs?
  • By the time we arrive, will she have set up the decorations?
  • By the end of the week, will he have submitted the report?
  • Before the deadline, will they have finalized the proposal?

Forming the Future Perfect Tense

Affirmative Sentences

Affirmative sentences in the future perfect tense are statements that express actions or events that will be completed or finished before a specific point in the future. These sentences typically use the auxiliary verb “will” or shall followed by have  and the past participle of the main verb, forming the structure:

Subject + will /shall + have + verb(3rd form) + object.

  • She will have finished her book by next Sunday.
  • By the end of the day, they will have completed the puzzle.
  • He will have fixed the computer before dinner.
  • By next month, I will have learned to swim.
  • They will have visited all the museums by the time they leave the city.
  • She will have written five letters by tomorrow.
  • By the time you wake up, the sun will have risen.
  • We will have planted flowers in the garden by the weekend.
  • By next year, he will have saved enough money for a car.
  • They will have finished the construction before the rainy season.
  • She will have graduated from college by the year 2024.

The sentences given above are broken down according to their grammatical structure.

She will have finished her book by next Sunday.
They will have completed the puzzle by the end of the day.
He will have fixed the computer before dinner.
I will have learned to swim by next month.
They will have visited all the museums by the time they leave the city.
She will have written five letters by tomorrow.
The sun will have risen by the time you wake up.
We will have planted flowers in the garden by the weekend.
He will have saved enough money for a car.
They will have finished the construction before the rainy season.
She will have graduated from college by the year 2024.
He will have mastered the guitar chords by the end of the week.
I will have completed my homework before the TV show starts.
She will have decorated the venue by the time the party begins.
We will have reached the summit before sunset.
They will have painted the entire house by next summer.
He will have finished his work by the time you arrive.
She will have finished all the chapters by the end of the month.
They will have bought a new car before the end of the year.
She will have lived in the city for a decade by next year.

Negative Sentences

Negative sentences in the future perfect tense are statements that express actions or events that will not be completed or finished before a specific point in the future. These sentences typically use the negative form of the auxiliary verb will (will not) or the contraction won’t, followed by have and the past participle of the main verb. The structure for negative sentences in the future perfect tense is:

Subject + will /shall +not + have + verb(3rd form) + object.

  • I won’t have completed the assignment by tomorrow.
  • By the end of the week, they won’t have fixed the broken window.
  • He won’t have learned to ride a bike by next month.
  • By next year, she won’t have finished writing her novel.
  • They won’t have visited the new museum before it closes.
  • I won’t have cooked dinner by the time you come home.
  • By the weekend, we won’t have planted flowers in the garden.
  • He won’t have saved enough money for the vacation by the end of the year.
  • They won’t have completed the renovation before the holiday season.
  • She won’t have graduated from college by the year 2025.
Have 
I won’t have completed the assignment by tomorrow.
They won’t have fixed the broken window by the end of the week.
He won’t have learned to ride a bike by next month.
She won’t have finished writing her novel by next year.
They won’t have visited the new museum before it closes.
I won’t have cooked dinner by the time you come home.
We won’t have planted flowers in the garden by the weekend.
He won’t have saved enough money for the vacation.
They won’t have completed the renovation before the holiday season.
She won’t have graduated from college by the year 2025.
He won’t have mastered the new software by the end of the month.
I won’t have submitted the report before the meeting starts.
They won’t have decorated the venue by the time the party begins.
We won’t have reached the summit before sunset.
They won’t have painted any rooms in the house by next summer.
He won’t have finished his work before you arrive.
She won’t have completed all the tasks by the end of the day.
They won’t have bought a new car before the end of the year.
She won’t have lived in the city for a decade by next year.
I won’t have memorized any lines by next week.

Interrogative Sentences

Interrogative sentences in the future perfect tense are questions that inquire about actions or events expected to be completed before a specific point in the future. These questions typically use the auxiliary verb will or shall, followed by the subject, have,  the past participle of the main verb, and additional elements. The structure for interrogative sentences in the future perfect tense is:

Will /Shall + subject + have + verb(3rd form) + object.

  • By tomorrow, will you have finished the assignment?
  • Will they have repaired the broken window by the end of the week?
  • By next month, will he have mastered riding a bike?
  • Will she have completed her novel by next year?
  • Will they have visited the new museum before it closes?
  • Will you have cooked dinner by the time you come home?
  • By the weekend, will we have planted flowers in the garden?
  • Will he have saved enough money for the vacation by the end of the year?
  • Will they have finished the renovation before the holiday season?
  • By the year 2025, will she have graduated from college?
Will you have finished the assignment by tomorrow?
Will they have repaired the broken window by the end of the week?
Will he have mastered riding a bike by next month?
Will she have completed her novel by next year?
Will they have visited the new museum before it closes?
Will you have cooked dinner by the time you come home?
Will we have planted flowers in the garden by the weekend?
Will he have saved enough money for the vacation?
Will they have finished the renovation before the holiday season?
Will she have graduated from college by the year 2025/
Will he have become proficient with the new software by the end of the month?
Will you have submitted the report before the meeting starts?
Will they have decorated the venue by the time the party begins?
Will we have reached the summit before sunset?
Will they have painted any rooms in the house by next summer?
Will he have completed his work before you arrive?
Will I have cleaned the entire house by the time you return?
Will they have purchased a new car before the end of the year?
Will she have resided in the city for a decade by next year?
Will you have memorized any lines by next week?

Spelling Rules

Spelling rules in the future perfect tense are generally consistent with the regular rules for forming past participles .

Here are some key spelling rules to keep in mind:

Regular Verbs

play played will have played
dance danced will have danced
work worked will have worked
call called will have called
laugh laughed will have laughed

Verbs Ending in -e

arrive arrived will have arrived
smile smiled will have smiled
hope hoped will have hoped
bake baked will have baked
dance danced will have danced

One-Syllable Verbs with a Single Vowel Followed by a Single Consonant:

run ran will have run
hop hopped will have hopped
jog jogged will have jogged
shop shopped will have shopped
sit sat will have sat

Irregular Verbs

go went will have gone
eat ate will have eaten
swim swam will have swum
have had will have had
do did will have done

Verbs Ending in -y

study studied will have studied
carry carried will have carried
worry worried will have worried
play played will have played
apply applied will have applied

Future Perfect vs. Simple Future Tense

The future perfect tense and the simple future tense are two distinct verb tenses in English, each used to convey different aspects of time and completion.

Let’s compare these two tenses:

will/shall + have + past participle will/shall + base form of the verb
By next year, I will have learned French. I will learn French next year.
Emphasizes completion before a future point. Indicates future actions, predictions, plans.
By, before, by the time, next week. Tomorrow, next month, in a year.

Avoiding Common Mistakes

To avoid common mistakes in the future perfect tense, consider the following tips:

  • Use of “Will Have” or “Shall Have”:

Ensure that the auxiliary verb “will” or “shall” is used correctly with “have” to form the future perfect tense.

  • Incorrect: “I have finished my work by tomorrow.”
  • Correct: “I will have finished my work by tomorrow.”
  • Correct Placement of “Not” in Negative Sentences:

Place “not” after “will” or use the contraction “won’t” for negative sentences.

  • Incorrect: “I will not have completed the assignment.”
  • Correct: “I will not have completed the assignment.” or “I won’t have completed the assignment.”
  • Accurate Use of Past Participles :

Ensure that the past participles are used correctly, especially for irregular verbs.

  • Incorrect: “She will have went to the store.”
  • Correct: “She will have gone to the store.”
  • Proper Use of Time Expressions:

Use appropriate time expressions to indicate when the action will be completed.

  • Incorrect: “I will have finished the project tomorrow.”
  • Correct: “I will have finished the project by tomorrow.”
  • Consistent Use of Time Frames:

Ensure consistency in expressing different actions in relation to each other within a sentence.

  • Incorrect: “He will have finished his work before he will go to the meeting.”
  • Correct: “He will have finished his work before he goes to the meeting.”
  • Avoiding Redundancy:

Be cautious not to use unnecessary words that may make the sentence redundant.

  • Incorrect : “By next month, I will have completed the task and finished it.”
  • Correct : “By next month, I will have completed the task.”
  • Understanding the Concept of Completion:

Remember that the future perfect tense emphasizes completion before a specific point in the future.

  • Incorrect: “By the end of the day, I will have started my assignment.”
  • Correct: “By the end of the day, I will have completed my assignment.”

Future Perfect Tense Example Sentences

  • Our teacher will have taught us lesson.
  • I shall have finished my homework.
  • You will have received the money order.
  • Good players will have got prizes.
  • The cook will have cooked food before the sun rises.
  • They will have read the newspaper.
  • We shall have taken rest.
  • By next week, I will have memorized all the lines.
  • He will have completed the marathon by the time you finish breakfast.
  • By the time you return, I will have cleaned the entire house.
  • They will have cooked dinner before the guests arrive.
  • By the end of the concert, she will have sung all her favorite songs.
  • We will have learned a new language by the end of the course.
  • By next spring, he will have grown a beautiful garden.
  • She will have bought a birthday present by the weekend.
  • By the time the meeting starts, I will have prepared the presentation.
  • They will have finished the project before the deadline.
  • By the end of the day, he will have read three books.
  • By next month, they will have adopted a new pet.
  • The postman will not have brought my letter.
  • He will not have made this mistake.
  • The hunter will not have caught any bird.
  • They will not have waited for us.
  • We shall not have taken tea before you come.
  • I shall not have opened your letter.
  • The sun will not have risen when the train comes.
  • He won’t have completed the marathon by the time you finish breakfast.
  • By the time you return, I won’t have cleaned the entire house.
  • They won’t have cooked any dinner before the guests arrive.
  • By the end of the concert, she won’t have sung any songs.
  • We won’t have learned a new language by the end of the course.
  • By next spring, he won’t have grown any plants in the garden.
  • She won’t have bought a birthday present by the weekend.
  • By the time the meeting starts, I won’t have prepared any presentation.
  • They won’t have finished any project before the deadline.
  • By the end of the day, he won’t have read any books.
  • She won’t have fixed any leaky faucets before they cause damage.
  • By next month, they won’t have adopted any new pets.
  • I won’t have painted any pictures by the end of the week.
  • Why will he have forgiven you?
  • Who will have locked the door?
  • Will the passengers have bought tickets?
  • Will she have boiled eggs?
  • Will the guests have come?
  • Will the peon have rung the bell when reach school?
  • By the time you finish breakfast, will he have completed the marathon?
  • Will I have tidied up the entire house by the time you return?
  • Will they have prepared any dinner before the guests arrive?
  • By the end of the concert, will she have sung any songs?
  • Will we have acquired a new language by the end of the course?
  • By next spring, will he have cultivated any plants in the garden?
  • Will she have purchased a birthday present by the weekend?
  • By the time the meeting starts, will I have formulated any presentation?
  • Will they have completed any project before the deadline?
  • By the end of the day, will he have perused any books?
  • Will she have repaired any leaky faucets before they cause damage?
  • By next month, will they have adopted any new pets?
  • Will you have crafted any pictures by the end of the week?
  • Will they have organized the house before the guests arrive?
  • a) will have completed
  • b) completed
  • a) will have finished
  • b) finished
  • a) will have read
  • a) will have submitted
  • b) submitted
  • a) will have built
  • a) will have earned
  • a) will have sold

1. What is the future perfect tense?

The future perfect tense is a verb tense that expresses an action that will be completed before a specific point in the future.

2. How is the future perfect tense formed?

It is formed using the auxiliary verb “will” or “shall” + “have” + the past participle of the main verb.

3. When do we use the future perfect tense?

We use the future perfect tense to indicate that an action will be completed before another action or a specific point in the future.

5. What are the signal words for the future perfect tense?

Signal words often associated with the future perfect tense include “by,” “before,” “by the time,” and specific time expressions.

7. Can you use “shall” instead of “will” in the future perfect tense?

Yes, “shall” can be used instead of “will” in the future perfect tense, although “will” is more commonly used in modern English.

8. What is the difference between the future perfect and future perfect continuous tense?

The future perfect tense focuses on the completion of an action by a specific point in the future, while the future perfect continuous tense emphasizes the duration of an action leading up to that point.

9. Are there irregular verbs in the future perfect tense?

Yes, irregular verbs have irregular past participles . For example, “eat” becomes “eaten,” and “go” becomes “gone.” Regular verbs form the past participle by adding “-ed.”

Free Grammar and Vocabulary Worksheets Resources

  • Worksheet Tenses
  • English Worksheets
  • Action Verbs Worksheets
  • Future Perfect Tense Worksheets
  • Future Perfect Continuous Worksheets

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Future Perfect Tense

by then
by that time
by next year
tomorrow
then
the end of this year
next year
in two month

Forming Future Perfect Tense

Subject + will + have + verb3 + complement.
He will have finished the project by tomorrow.
Subject + won't + have + verb3 + complement.
He won't have finished the project by tomorrow.
Will + subject + have + verb3 + complement ?
Will he have finished the project by tomorrow?
Won't + subject + have + verb3 + complement?
Won't he have finished the project by tomorrow?

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"They have finished their homework" vs "They finished their homework"

How does the meaning of the two sentences differ, if it all. And is one more correct than the other?

Home of English Grammar

Perfect tenses worksheet

The perfect tenses are used to talk about actions that are completed at the time of speaking.

The three forms of the perfect tenses are:

The present perfect tense, the past perfect tense and the future perfect tense

  • I have finished my homework. (Present perfect tense)
  • I had finished my homework before the guests arrived. (Past perfect tense)
  • I will have finished my homework by the time the guests arrive. (Future perfect tense)

Formation of the perfect tenses

The perfect tenses are formed by putting has, have or had before the past participle form of the verb.

Complete the following sentences using the perfect tense form of the verb.

1. Where could he .....................?

2. they ..................... before i reached their place., 3. a few years ago, circumstances ……………… me to leave school., 4. he heard that a tragedy ………………… at another site., 5. many writers ………………… kabir’s poems into different languages., 6. joanna ....................... up her mind that she was going to die., 7. he forgave his enemies who ……………….. him..

1. Where could he have gone ?

2. They had left before I reached their place.

3. A few years ago, circumstances had forced me to leave school.

4. He heard that a tragedy had occurred at another site.

5. Many writers have translated Kabir’s poems into different languages.

6. Joanna had made up her mind that she was going to die.

7. He forgave his enemies who had wronged him.

he has finished homework

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Grammar - finished or had finished? [duplicate]

Are these two sentences same?

With the exception of Rob and me, everyone in the class finished the assignment before the teacher came. With the exception of Rob and me, everyone in the class had finished the assignment before the teacher came.

On searching, I found that "had finished" is the correct usage. Is it because it is followed by "before the teacher came"?

If I remove the "before the teacher came" from the first sentence, to make it-

With the exception of Rob and me, everyone in the class finished the assignment.

will it be (grammatically) correct?

S. Gupta's user avatar

Both are fully grammatical, and both are fully idiomatic. They can be used in identical circumstances.

The difference (which is slight) is in where the temporal focus lies. When you use a past perfect form such as "had finished", you are focussing the narrative on a point in the past, but later than the event of finishing; if you use the simple past, you are not focussing in this way - there may be no point of focus, or it may be any time.

Since there is a "when" clause here, that is the natural point of focus, so there is usually no practical difference between the two.

Colin Fine's user avatar

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he has finished homework

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Present Perfect

For recently finished actions.

Present Perfect For recent completed actions

In this grammar section we will have a look at the tense Present Perfect to talk about recently finished/completed actions.

A: How long have you worked there? B: I have worked there for 3 years.

A: How long have you been friends? B: We haven’t been friends for long. We have been friends since 2022

The video gives an overview of to Present Perfect for something recently completed/finished actions.

It shows the meaning/usage: when and why to use the Present Perfect.

For the form and the pronunciation have a look a the different webpages:

  • Present perfect form
  • Present perfect pronunciation

Usage/ Meaning

How and when do we use the Present Perfect?

Timeline Present Perfect for recently finished actions just

Present Perfect is also used to talk about something recently finished.

I have just done my homework: This means not so long ago you finished your homework . It is an unspecified time in the past . We don’t know when the person did it, but it wasn’t so long ago . It is usually used to stress that you finished the action and there it no need to do it anymore or no need to worry about it anymore .

Timeline Present Perfect for recently finished actions already

I have already done my homework: This means you finished your homework somewhere before now . It is an unspecified time in the past . We don’t know when the person did it . It is usually used to stress that you finished the action and there it no need to do it anymore or no need to worry about it anymore .

Timeline Present Perfect for recently finished actions yet

Present Perfect is also used to talk about something that is not finished.

I haven’t done my homework yet : This means you did not finished your homework somewhere before now but that you will do it later . It is usually used to stress that you did not finished the action but you will do it somewhere soon in the future.

 

 

  

  • Just: recently finished actions. positive and questions. Between have and the main verb : I have just finished . 
  • Already: finished actions. positive and questions. Between have and the main verb : I have already finished .
  • Yet: not finished, but will finish it later. Negative and questions. At the end of the sentence: I haven’t finished yet .

Grammar boot camp

Have a look at the questions and write your answers in the comments below . Also give us some more details about when, where, why,….

  • What have you already done today?
  • What haven’t you done yet today, but must still do today?
  • What have you just finished before answering these questions?
  • Have you just had some food?
  • Have you already finished your homework?
  • Have you already studied today?
  • Have you just had a phone call?
  • Have you already had lunch today?
  • Which movie have you already seen more than 2 times?
  • Which goals in your life have you already achieved?

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Grammar Quiz

He has finished his homework, ___________

A. hasn’t he?

D. didn’t he?

Select your answer:          

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For a cleaner and greener community, everyone should _________ the amount of trash and take care of our environment.

A. increase

C. contribute

How to use : Read the question carefully, then select one of the answers button.

GrammarQuiz.Net - Improve your knowledge of English grammar, the best way to kill your free time.

Hunter Biden has joined White House meetings as he stays close to the president post-debate

WASHINGTON — Hunter Biden has joined meetings with President Joe Biden and his top aides since his father returned to the White House from Camp David, Maryland, on Monday evening, according to four people familiar with the matter. 

The president’s son has also been talking to senior White House staff members, these people said.

While he is regularly at the White House residence and events, it is unusual for Hunter Biden to be in and around meetings his father is having with his team, these people said. They said the president’s aides were struck by his presence during their discussions. 

A federal jury in Delaware found Hunter Biden guilty last month on gun-related charges. He remains under indictment accused of tax-related felonies, to which he has pleaded not guilty. Shortly after the jury found him guilty, he returned to his home in California.

One of the people familiar with the matter said Hunter Biden has been closely advising his father since the family gathered over the weekend at Camp David after Thursday’s debate. This person said Hunter Biden has "popped into" a couple of meetings and phone calls the president has had with some of his advisers.

Another person familiar with the matter said the reaction from some senior White House staff members has been, “What the hell is happening?”

Asked to comment, White House spokesman Andrew Bates said in a statement, “Hunter came back with the President from their family weekend at Camp David and went with the President straight into speech prep,” referring to Biden’s preparation with aides for remarks about the Supreme Court’s decision on presidential immunity. 

Hunter Biden’s presence in and around his father’s meetings comes amid questions about whether Joe Biden should continue his re-election campaign.

NBC News has reported that Hunter Biden is among the immediate family members urging the president to stay in the race. He is at the White House this week to celebrate the Fourth of July holiday with the Biden family, two people familiar with his plans said. 

he has finished homework

Kristen Welker is the moderator of "Meet the Press."

he has finished homework

Monica Alba is a White House correspondent for NBC News.

he has finished homework

Mike Memoli is an NBC News correspondent. 

Sarah Fitzpatrick is a senior investigative producer and story editor for NBC News. She previously worked for CBS News and "60 Minutes." 

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Has/Hasn't he finished the homework yet?

  • Thread starter yellow sun
  • Start date Apr 5, 2014

Senior Member

  • Apr 5, 2014

Hi: I hear that my brother is still writing his homework, so I express my surprise and disapproval by saying: -Hasn't he finished the homework yet? But If I say : -Has he finished the homework yet? What it would express? Thanks.  

Liam Lew's

It would mean "Has he already finished his homework?"  

Chasint

As you say, the first expresses disapproval. The second is a simple question without any judgement. (neither approval nor disapproval)  

Thanks. yet= until now and already=previously, but here as Liam Lew's said : yet=already. is it only in that context or we could use it in that meaning as one of its usage?  

yellow sun said: Thanks. yet= until now and already=previously, but here as Liam Lew's said : yet=already. is it only in that context or we could use it in that meaning as one of its usage? Click to expand...
Biffo said: The second is a simple question without any judgement. Click to expand...
  • Apr 6, 2014
yellow sun said: Thank you very much Biffo. so, what is the nuance between the two simple questions: -Has he finished the homework yet? -Has he finished the homework? Click to expand...

Byeong Hun An betting profile: Genesis Scottish Open

Betting Profile

PINEHURST, NORTH CAROLINA - JUNE 13: Byeong Hun An of South Korea plays his shot from the 13th tee during the first round of the 124th U.S. Open at Pinehurst Resort on June 13, 2024 in Pinehurst, North Carolina. (Photo by Andrew Redington/Getty Images)

PINEHURST, NORTH CAROLINA - JUNE 13: Byeong Hun An of South Korea plays his shot from the 13th tee during the first round of the 124th U.S. Open at Pinehurst Resort on June 13, 2024 in Pinehurst, North Carolina. (Photo by Andrew Redington/Getty Images)

Change Text Size

After he placed third in this tournament in 2023, Byeong Hun An has a better finish in mind as he readies for play in the 2024 Genesis Scottish Open in North Berwick, SCO, July 10-13.

The Genesis Scottish Open tournament and course info

  • Date: July 10-13, 2024
  • Location: North Berwick, SCO
  • Course: The Renaissance Club
  • Par: 70 / 7,237 yards
  • Previous winner: Rory McIlroy

At the Genesis Scottish Open

  • An has played the Genesis Scottish Open once recently (in 2023), posting a score of 10-under and finishing third.
  • Rory McIlroy won this tournament in 2023 with numbers of 5.615 in Strokes Gained: Off-the-Tee (first in field), 5.532 in SG: Approach the Green (seventh), and 1.5 in SG: Putting (34th).
  • McIlroy averaged 331.8 yards off the tee (first in field), had a greens in regulation percentage of 69.44% (24th), and attempted 27.5 putts per round (ninth) in that victory a year ago.

An's recent history at the Genesis Scottish Open

DateResultRound ScoresTo Par
7/12/2023361-70-69-70-10

An's recent performances

  • An has finished in the top five twice over his last five tournaments.
  • He's made the cut in four of his last five appearances.
  • An has finished with a score lower than the tournament average in three of his last five tournaments, including one finish within three strokes of the leader.
  • He has an average score relative to par of 8-under in his last five tournaments.
  • In terms of driving distance, Byeong Hun An has averaged 320.4 yards in his past five starts.
  • An is averaging 1.270 in terms of Strokes Gained: Putting in his past five tournaments.
  • Looking at Strokes Gained: Total, An has an average of 4.200 in his past five tournaments.

An's advanced stats and rankings

  • An owns a Strokes Gained: Off the Tee average of 0.457 (16th) this season, while his average driving distance of 314.1 yards ranks fourth on TOUR.
  • In terms of Strokes Gained: Approach, An ranks 46th on TOUR with a mark of 0.297.
  • On the greens, An's -0.041 Strokes Gained: Putting mark ranks 106th this season, and his 28.95 putts-per-round average ranks 95th.
CategoryOverall TOUR RankOverallLast 5 Starts
Average Driving Distance4314.1320.4
Greens in Regulation %1869.10%67.59%
Putts Per Round9528.9528.8
Par Breakers4725.44%23.15%
Bogey Avoidance6714.23%12.96%

An's best finishes

  • An has taken part in 16 tournaments this season, and while he hasn't finished first in any of them, he has come away with four finishes in the top-five and five finishes in the top-10.
  • In those 16 events, he made the cut 13 times.
  • An, who has 1620 points, currently sits 10th in the FedExCup standings.

An's best Strokes Gained performances

  • This season, An's best Strokes Gained: Off-the-Tee performance came at the Sony Open in Hawaii, where he ranked third in the field with a mark of 4.516 (he finished second in that tournament).
  • An's best Strokes Gained: Approach effort this season came at the Memorial Tournament presented by Workday in June 2024, as he posted a 3.719 mark, which ranked him 11th in the field. He finished 22nd in that event.
  • When it comes to Strokes Gained: Around-the-Green, An's best performance this season was in January 2024 at The Sentry, where he ranked second in the field with a mark of 3.038. He finished fourth in that tournament.
  • At the Wells Fargo Championship in May 2024, An delivered his best Strokes Gained: Putting mark this season (7.988). That ranked No. 1 in the field.
  • An recorded his best Strokes Gained: Total mark this season (11.926) at the Wells Fargo Championship (May 2024), which ranked him third in the field. He finished third in that tournament.

An's Strokes Gained rankings

CategoryOverall TOUR RankOverallLast 5 Starts
Average Strokes Gained: Off-the-Tee160.4571.668
Average Strokes Gained: Approach the Green460.2971.883
Average Strokes Gained: Around the Green109-0.049-0.620
Average Strokes Gained: Putting106-0.0411.270
Average Strokes Gained: Total340.6644.200

An's past results

DateTournament NameResultRound ScoresTo ParFedExCup Points
July 13-15Genesis Scottish Open361-70-69-70-10145
July 20-22The Open Championship2373-70-69-72E36
August 3-6Wyndham Championship263-67-65-67-18245
August 10-13FedEx St. Jude Championship3767-68-68-72-566
August 17-20BMW Championship4370-67-72-76+552
January 4-7The Sentry468-64-68-66-26325
January 11-14Sony Open in Hawaii267-64-68-64-27245
February 1-4AT&T Pebble Beach Pro-Am3171-71-67-731
February 8-11WM Phoenix Open6670-68-75-70-13
February 15-18The Genesis Invitational1667-72-70-68-7115
February 29 - March 3Cognizant Classic in The Palm Beaches2167-71-71-65-1037
March 7-10Arnold Palmer Invitational presented by Mastercard871-69-76-68-4191
March 14-17THE PLAYERS ChampionshipMC69-80+5--
April 4-7Valero Texas OpenMC74-75+5--
April 11-14Masters Tournament1670-73-72-75+2113
April 18-21RBC Heritage6768-66-72-80+27
May 2-5THE CJ CUP Byron Nelson466-67-66-65-20109
May 9-12Wells Fargo Championship370-68-71-66-9350
May 16-19PGA Championship4371-67-72-68-615
June 6-9the Memorial Tournament presented by Workday2271-73-73-75+480
June 13-16U.S. OpenMC74-78+12--

All stats in this article are accurate for An as of the start of the Genesis Scottish Open.

Note: The PGA TOUR has created this story via a machine-learning model using data from ShotLink , powered by CDW, in addition to player performance data. While we strive for accuracy and quality, please note that the information provided may not be entirely error-free.

"After his writing" vs. "after he has written"

  • Read after his finishing homework.
  • Read after he has finished homework.

Are these sentences correct? What's the difference between them?

  • meaning-in-context
  • sentence-construction

godel9's user avatar

  • 2 Neither sentence is correct, because they don't have a subject and a verb. I think at the very least they should be " He read..." –  stangdon Commented May 17, 2017 at 12:07

2 Answers 2

Neither sentence is correct.

Each is missing a subject for "read."

If the subject is "he" and the verb is describing repetitive action in the present, then the verb must be inflected to "reads."

If the verb is describing future action, the verb should be "will read."

Finally, in the first sentence, the possessive pronoun "his" must immediately precede "homework," the noun possessed.

"He reads (will read) after finishing his womework" is correct as is "He reads (will read) after has finished his homework."

Jeff Morrow's user avatar

  • 1 I think the OP's example is in imperative form eg., "Read the instructions carefully" –  Raj 33 Commented Dec 27, 2017 at 15:05
  • 1 Raj, imperatives are in the second person. You can say "Read after finishing your homework" but the "his" precludes that interpretation. But good for you for seeing another possible way to construe what was intended. –  Jeff Morrow Commented Dec 27, 2017 at 15:13

In the first sentence, the word, "finishing," is converted from a verb into an adjective, so it describes what type of homework he is doing, instead of what he does to his homework. Sentence two is more correct, but still not perfect. You don't have a descriptor on "homework," so it's kind of vague and generalized as to what homework is being done. He may just need to finish some homework, but not all of it, he may be finishing somebody else's homework (though context suggests that's not true, nothing in the statement refutes it).

The best way to say it would probably be, "Read after he's finished his homework." (Typically one will assume that this means that all of today's homework is done, but it is only implied.)

This isn't a complete sentence either. We don't have a subject in it. Who is reading, and when? Is it that he is permitted to read after he did his homework, or that he did read after he completed his homework? These would be:

He can read after he finishes his homework. He read after he finished his homework.

Community's user avatar

  • Although it is correct that "his finishing step" is acceptable English and "finishing" acts as an adjective in that phrase, the person asking the question intends "finishing" as a gerund, and consequently the possessive pronoun must not be separated from the possessed noun by the participle. I recommend an edit to this answer. –  Jeff Morrow Commented Dec 27, 2017 at 15:07

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he has finished homework

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he has finished homework

I'm afraid I disagree with the other answers so far given. "He has finished" is present perfect as has been stated. However, "he have finished" is the present perfect subjunctive, which although rare is perfectly correct. For example, "It is necessary that he have finished two years of music theory before getting his degree."

A present perfect tense sentence implies that an action that was started earlier is now finished. [1] You'll want to use "has completed" if your subject is singular, so long as the subject isn't "I" or "you." If your subject is plural, you'll use "had completed" or "have completed."

2. While I agree that: Having finished her homework, she went for a walk. is more clear, I think context and common sense would tell us that the original sentence means the same thing: Finishing her homework, she went for a walk. Many writing guides tell us to avoid dangling modifiers, and sentences with this same structure are used as examples ...

20. Depending on context they could have the same or slightly different meanings. I have finished. would be said after completing a task either very recently or some time in the recent past. I am finished. would be said after very recently completing a task. It can also have the meaning of hopelessness as a person faces impending doom.

He will have finished his homework by the time you call. I will have graduated from school by next year. I won't have received the package by the end of the day. They won't have cleaned the house before the guests arrive. She won't have cooked dinner by the time you get home. He won't have fixed the computer by tomorrow morning.

Henry and Tina (get married) by the time it's summer. 4. My son (be born) by the time you come back from your trip. 5. I guarantee you he (not find) a job this time next year either. 6. I (finish) my homework by the time you eat so we can go out.

The differences become more evident in other situations, eg when we introduce a specific past-time reference, like last week. The past perfect typically resists such past-time references: "The kids finished their homework last night" <-- OK. "The kids have finished their homework last night" <-- bad. 50.

Perfect tenses worksheet. The perfect tenses are used to talk about actions that are completed at the time of speaking. The three forms of the perfect tenses are: The present perfect tense, the past perfect tense and the future perfect tense. I have finished my homework. (Present perfect tense) I had finished my homework before the guests arrived.

I've lost my keys. We've been to a very nice restaurant. We use the past simple (NOT present perfect) when we mention or ask about when something happened or when the time is known by the speaker and the listener. We often use a past expression ( last week, yesterday, when I was a child, etc .) We've arrived yesterday.

Both are fully grammatical, and both are fully idiomatic. They can be used in identical circumstances. The difference (which is slight) is in where the temporal focus lies. When you use a past perfect form such as "had finished", you are focussing the narrative on a point in the past, but later than the event of finishing; if you use the simple ...

Just. Present Perfect is also used to talk about something recently finished. I have just done my homework: This means not so long ago you finished your homework. It is an unspecified time in the past. We don't know when the person did it, but it wasn't so long ago. It is usually used to stress that you finished the action and there it no ...

Has she finished her homework already? Has she finished her homework yet?" But at the end of the quiz, you wrote a reminder saying that when an action has finished or happened before now, we use "already". So, that is my problem. I've chosen the one with already and it was the wrong answer. Can you explain it to me, if it's possible?

He has finished the homework today. 2. He has stopped working today. 3. He has started a new job today. To me, they are wrong because they should be used with the past simple or the time expression "today" should be dropped so that they will be correct. Is that right? dojibear Senior Member.

I have just finished my homework (BrE, AmE). I just finished my homework (AmE). There's no difference in meaning. The British use the present perfect for recent actions, especially with just, already, and yet. Americans can use either the present perfect or simple past with these words.

He has finished his homework, _____ A. hasn't he? B. has he? C. did he? D. didn't he? Select your answer: Next Quiz > Random Topics: Subject - Predicate Yes-No Question Desert vs. Dessert Adverbs and Adjectives Modal and Auxiliary Verbs Quantifiers Simple Future Tense Compliment, Congratulation, and Hope Tenses - Present and Past.

Hunter Biden has joined meetings with President Joe Biden and his top aides since his father returned to the White House from Camp David on Monday evening, according to four people familiar with ...

I am finished with my homework. I completed whatever homework I had and I do not expect any more; not in the immediate future and not impossibly, never. I have finished my homework. I have just now completed my homework, seconds or at most minutes ago. I did my homework. Very much the same as "I finished my homework."

President Joe Biden has privately acknowledged that the next stretch of days are critical to whether he can save his re-election bid for president, making clear to an ally Tuesday that he ...

Foreign Affairs. American allies fear Biden is finished and can't beat Trump "We're not sure that, even if he wins, he can survive four years more," said one official from a European NATO ...

But If I say : -Has he finished the homework yet? What it would express? Thanks. L. Liam Lew's Senior Member. Hamburg, Germany. German Apr 5, 2014 #2 It would mean "Has he already finished his homework?" Chasint Senior Member. English - England Apr 5, 2014 #3 As you say, the first expresses disapproval. ...

According to two allies who have spoken with him, Mr. Biden has emphasized that he is still deeply committed to the fight for re-election but understands that his viability as a candidate is on ...

He may just need to finish some homework, but not all of it, he may be finishing somebody else's homework (though context suggests that's not true, nothing in the statement refutes it). The best way to say it would probably be, "Read after he's finished his homework." (Typically one will assume that this means that all of today's homework is ...

Warner had explored a bid nearly two decades ago, but in 2006 announced that he would not seek the nomination. Mr. Mr. Biden briefly ran for president in 2008, but quit the race in January after ...

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Spars & Spar Sets

Maintain or upgrade your Opti mast, boom, and sprit pole with our extensive selection of complete spar sets, new masts, booms, and sprit poles, and a full range of replacement spar fittings, blocks, and components designed specifically for the optimist sailboat.

Looking for spar fittings and parts? Visit our Spar Fittings page.

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Optimax MK3 Medium Racing Mast Optimist

Optimax MK3 Medium Racing Mast Optimist

Optimax MK3 Flex Racing Mast Optimist

Optimax MK3 Flex Racing Mast Optimist

Optimax mk3 racing mast optimist, optimax mk3 hyperflex racing sprit optimist, optimax mk3 flex racing sprit optimist, optimax mk3 racing sprit optimist.

Optimax MK4 Racing Boom 45 mm Optimist

Optimax MK4 Racing Boom 45 mm Optimist

Optimax MK3 Racing Boom 40 mm Optimist

Optimax MK3 Racing Boom 40 mm Optimist

Optimax Mk4 Racing Mast Optimist

Optimax MK4 Racing Mast Optimist

Opti Silver Regatta Mast

Opti Silver Regatta Mast

Opti Silver Regatta Boom 40mm

Opti Silver Regatta Boom 40mm

Opti Upgraded Club Spar Set

Opti Upgraded Club Spar Set

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Opti spar sets.

An Opti Spar Set is a complete, ready to go set including a mast, boom, sprit pole, and necessary rigging. We have multiple spar set options including the entry/club level Upgraded Club Spar Set, the intermediate level Silver Regatta Spar Set, and three BlackGold spar sets including the BlackGold Medium Spar Set (includes 40mm boom), BlackGold Power Spar Set (includes 45mm boom), and BlackMax Spar Set (includes 55mm boom and 29mm sprit).

Replacement or upgraded optimist masts are available in a variety of configurations, from the race-ready BlackGold range, to the intermediate Silver Regatta range, to the entry level Club mast.

Opti Booms  

The standard Opti boom is 40mm in diameter. Both the Silver Regatta Boom and Upgraded Club Boom are 40mm and designed to work as part of either the Silver Regatta Spar Set or the Club Spar Set, respectively. In the BlackGold series, there are multiple boom diameters geared towards sailor weight. These include the BlackGold Medium (40mm), BlackGold Power (45mm) and BlackGold Max (55mm). While the BlackGold Medium is the standard, the Power and Max versions are available for heavier sailors at the top weight range of the class.

Opti Spirt Poles

The sprit pole attaches to the top of the sail and the sprit halyard to help tension the sail. Like the various Opti masts and booms, there are several sprit pole options designed to work with the various spar set ranges. The Club Sprit and Silver Regatta Sprit poles are very similar, except for the wear strip found on the Silver sprit that helps prevent wear. There are two sprit poles in the BlackGold collection, with the standard BlackGold Sprit 27mm used by most sailors and the BlackMax Sprit 29mm designed to be used in conjunction with the BlackMax boom for heavier sailors.

Opti Spar Fittings

In addition to the full range of spar sets and individual spars, West Coast Sailing carries a full range of Optimist spar fittings, from boom end caps and boom jaws, to mast heel plugs and halyard cleats, to eyestraps, blocks, sprit halyard assemblies, and sprit pole ends. Many of these fittings can be used accross multiple spar types, with some designed specifically for BlackGold spars and others for the Silver and Club spars. 

Guide to Selecting Opti Spars & Spar Sets - PDF

Selecting the right individual spar or spar set can be confusing, but does not have to be! Major factors to consider are sailor ambition (sailing well and desire to race vs more entry level), sailor weight, and cost. Generally speaking, 'Club' spars are designed for entry level sailors while 'BlackGold' spars are best for active racers who have developed sound skills sailing the Opti. The 'Silver Regatta' spars attempt to offer similar characteristics to the racing spars while priced more like a club set.

Racing Spars vs Club Spars

The most common question is what the difference is between racing and club spars. The defining characteristic of a Upgraded Club Spar Set is the permanently attached sprit halyard block on the front of the mast and the permanent lacing eyes at the head of the mast. These permanently attached fittings mean that the sail cannot be removed from the mast without untying all the sail ties along the luff of the sail. It also means the club spar set has no parts that can be misplaced or dropped in the water because it is self-contained. With the club spar set the sail is typically left on the spars during storage. Although this is a fast, easy way to store your spars and sail, it is hard on the sail. Club sails are constructed to hold up to this kind of abuse and can still be expected to last many seasons.

Racing sails, however, are very delicate and are generally rolled on the boom or separately from the spars to avoid creases, wrinkles and damaged. Racing spars are fitted with a hook-in-block and a wind pennant plug masthead system. These two features allow all the fittings to be removed. The sail is now free to slide on and off of the mast. It should be noted that the Silver Regatta Spar Set has been design to achieve all the features of the racing spar set with a price more comparable to the club spar set. The silver spar set comes with the stiffer 40 mm boom as a standard feature.

Choosing A Racing Spar Set (BlackGold)

When considering racing spars, such as the various BlackGold spar sets, the difference resides mainly in the quality, diameter and manufacturing method of the aluminum tubing used in the spars. Quality is a function of the series number of the aluminum. 7,000 series is an aviation grade, higher in tensile strength than 6,000 series. Coincidentally as the series number goes up, so does the cost. The diameter of the aluminum tubing also affects both the performance and cost. Larger diameter tubing is stiffer and more expensive. The manufacturing process also impacts the cost and quality of the spar. A rolled tube with welded seam is cheaper to produce than an extruded one. (Extruded means that it is formed in one continuous piece) Theoretically, an extrudeds par is both stronger and stiffer. 

Booms are available in different diameters as mentioned above. There are 55mm, 45mm, 40mm, and 32mm diameter racing booms. These can be used by different skipper weight ranges or specific sailing conditions. Another unique feature is found in the Black Max boom. It does not have a bridle, just a single attachment point. This benefits a tall sailor in that there is more room  under the boom making it easier to tack. Sprits are available in 27mm and 29mm.

Most coaches have preferences and will usually recommend a specific boom orsprit if they feel it will complement your skippers sailing style. The 40 mm boom is considered standard and sail makers test their sails with this boom. With all the confusion and so many choices if you have any doubts get the standard 40 mm boom.

  • Opti Sailboat Photo Gallery - Detailed photos of rigging and setup, including different upgrades.
  • Opti Line Guide - Recommended line lengths and materials for halyard, mainsheet, and control lines.
  • Opti Owners Manual - Rigging Guide and Owner's Manual from McLaughlin, an Optimist builder.
  • Opti Rigging Guide - Rigging Guide for Pro and Advanced Racer from McLaughlin.
  • Opti Spar Guide - Understanding Club, Silver, and BlackGold Spars.

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Breaking news, how to stream the democratic national convention online, jennifer lopez files to divorce ben affleck: report.

The news comes after a dizzying few months of tabloid headlines and speculation about the source of tension in one of the most publicized couplings in modern celebrity history.

By Chris Gardner

Chris Gardner

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Jennifer Lopez and Ben Affleck pose on a red carpet

The rumors are true: Ben Affleck and Jennifer Lopez are over … again.

Related Stories

Lady gaga is surprise guest at intuit dome opening to perform "die with a smile" with bruno mars, jennifer lopez, jharrel jerome star in first look at wrestling biopic 'unstoppable,' produced by ben affleck.

The news comes after a dizzying few months of tabloid headlines and TMZ news blasts covering the sale of their $65 million mansion, separate outings (with and without wedding rings) and speculation about the source of tension in one of the most publicized couplings in modern celebrity history.

In hindsight, the hints were there. The flurry of tabloid coverage included reports of Lopez’s solo summer trip to the Hamptons (and Italy before that) while Affleck remained back in Los Angeles, where he is said to have moved his belongings out of their shared home and into a Brentwood rental. She attended the premiere of her Netflix film Atlas alone , just like that other major outing of hers in May when she stepped out with no plus-one as a co-chair of fashion’s biggest night at the Met Gala, which has long been a high-profile place for Hollywood couples. While in the Hamptons, she also celebrated her 55th birthday with a Bridgerton -themed bash with no Affleck in sight.

They blended their families, with Affleck arriving to the marriage with three children from a longtime marriage to actress Jennifer Garner, and Lopez bringing twins from a marriage to music star Marc Anthony. There were many high-profile public appearances over the past two years at their respective film premieres and awards shows like the Grammys. Some of those, like music’s biggest night or her The Mother premiere, inspired headlines about everything from Affleck’s resting grumpy face to an alleged red carpet spat , though they maintained all was well with their rekindled romance.

This year delivered a new round of press when Lopez dropped back-to-back-to-back new projects with an album ( This Is Me … Now ), a musical film featuring the tracks from the new album (also titled This Is Me … Now ) and a documentary about the making of the musical film ( The Greatest Love Story Never Told ), all of which put their romance front and center as the fairy tale that had finally come true. Lopez repeatedly praised Affleck as the inspiration for the works and spoke about him at length in various interviews.

He confirmed that a public romance wasn’t the easiest place for him to exist. “Getting back together, I said, ‘Listen, one of the things I don’t want is a relationship on social media.’ Then I sort of realized it’s not a fair thing to ask. It’s sort of like, you’re gonna marry a boat captain and you go, ‘Well, I don’t like the water.'”

Still, it seems as though having their relationship serve as the inspiration for an album and for breathless media coverage created some tension. “Things that are private, I’d always felt, are sacred and special, because, in part, they’re private. So this was something of an adjustment for me,” he has said.

The Bennifer origin story dates back to 2001. Affleck and Lopez met while filming the Martin Brest romantic dramedy Gigli , which was released two years later, only to tank at the box office and live on in infamy. Their romance, however, flourished and the couple got engaged in 2002 when the actor proposed with a 6.1-carat Harry Winston rock. Also that same year, Affleck made a cameo in Lopez’s “Jenny From the Block” music video, a track from the entertainer’s This Is Me … Then album.

But it did not grow all the way to the altar. The couple broke up just days before an extravagant wedding. “Ben and I broke up four days before our wedding and we had a big wedding plan, with like 14 ushers and bridesmaids, and three days before we just crumbled under the pressure,” Lopez once confirmed about the heartbreak that took some time to get over. “For all those years it was really hard cause I didn’t just feel like I lost the love of my life, I felt like I lost the best friend I ever had. I couldn’t talk for so many years, and that was the hardest part.”

Lopez was previously married to Ojani Noa (1997-98), Cris Judd (2001-03) and Marc Anthony (2004-14), and was engaged to Rodriguez during a four-year relationship. Affleck was married to Garner (2005-18).

While it may be the end of the road for Bennifer, it’s never too late to find another Hollywood ending. “Sometimes it doesn’t work — and that’s sad,” Lopez explained in a 2011 interview with Vanity Fair . “But I remain an eternal optimist about love. I believe in love. It’s still my biggest dream.”

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  1. Optimist (dinghy)

    Optimist Fleet of Optimists Typical Optimist storage Rigging on shore Optimist dinghies waiting to a wind. The Optimist is a small, single-handed sailing dinghy intended for use by young people up to the age of 15.. The Optimist is one of the two most popular sailing dinghies in the world, with over 150,000 boats officially registered with the class and many more built but never registered.

  2. McLaughlin Optimist

    SKU: MC1 McLaughlin Optimist. McLaughlin Optimist. The only Optimist hand built in the United States by experts for over 25 years. McLaughlin has built World Champion hulls for years and have put in the hard work to come out on top. With the stiffest hulls available, minimum weight guaranteed, and best rigging options available, these boats are ...

  3. Home

    Notice This website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish.Accept Reject Read More

  4. OPTIMIST DINGHY (INT)

    Immensely popular youth trainer, designed for and built by a large number of home builders. The list shown here can only represent a small fraction of past and current professional builders. U.S. Optimist Dinghy Assn. P.O. Box 150127 222 E. Westmonte Dr. #101 Almonte Springs, FL 21401 407-774-7880 Fax: 407-774-6440

  5. Optimist Buying Guide

    In this article he helps parents get started into the world of the Optimist, unraveling the mysteries of understanding, choosing and purchasing an Optimist sailboat. Optimist Basics. The Opti, or Optimist Dinghy, is relatively unchanged from the first prams designed and built by visionary Clark Mills in Clearwater, FL, 65 years ago.

  6. Optimist Sailboats

    The Optimist dinghy (Opti) is one of the world's most popular sailboats for youth training and racing, with an active regatta circuit and great competition from green fleet to the most competitive world class regattas. Zim Sailing offers race ready Optimist sailboats in a variety of options, including Club and Race spec boats and the regatta winning Pro Opti by Fighter.

  7. United States Optimist Dinghy Association

    Its interest is in promoting a boat, the International Optimist Dinghy (IOD), and promoting sailing across the United States. Design. Boats Produced: Over 23,000 in the United States. Class boat builder(s): The Class has multiple builders, with McLaughlin being the sole builder in the United States. The main vendors in the United States for new ...

  8. Optimist Sailboat Resources

    The Optimist sailboat, affectionately known as the Opti, is a popular and iconic single-handed dinghy designed specifically for young sailors. Renowned for its simplicity, stability, and ease of use, the Optimist has become a staple in youth sailing programs worldwide. With a distinctive pram-like hull and a single, sprit-rigged sail, this ...

  9. Winner Optimist the worlds most winning optimist

    Winner is the most popular Optimist in the world, sailed by more World Champions and more beginners than any other Optimist. The secret to our success, from top to bottom, is quality. For us, it's a happy coincidence that the strength we build into our boats translates equally to better performance and greater durability. The foundation for the ...

  10. Optimist Class

    The Optimist dinghy is the world's most popular sailboat for children. North Sails offers multiple sail designs to match your sailor's weight and wind conditions. North has two styles of optimist sails. The Crossover Mainsail is an entry-level sail designed for beginners. This mainsail will carry beginners from their first days on the water ...

  11. McLaughlin Optimist

    May 12, 2023. US One-Design, Inc, a leading importer and reseller of performance one-design dinghies, gear and accessories has acquired North American's only manufacturer of Optimist Dinghies, McLaughlin Boat Works. Having pioneered much of the performance technology used on today's Optimists, McLaughlin Boat Works has been the leading ...

  12. The 5 Best Sailboats For Beginners

    The popular Optimist Sailing Dinghy, while designed for children up to the age of about 15, can be used (sometimes hilariously) by adults as well. An Optimist-style dingy is a great option for beginners over the age of 15, as boats of this style can be found in a variety of sizes.

  13. OPTIMIST DINGHY SPEED GUIDE

    The pram-style Optimist is a great starter boat for learning to sail and later learning to race, and youth sailors can literally take their Optimist Dinghy to whatever level they want. Any motivated young Optimist sailor will develop both confidence and dinghy sailing skills, from boathandling techniques to big-fleet strategy and tactics; some ...

  14. Opti sailboats for sale by owner.

    Bloomfield Township, Michigan. Asking: $3,000. Sailboat Added 08-May-2021 More Details. Trailer PVC sail tubes for C420 or optimist trailer PVC locking sail tubes. Length: '. Hull: fiberglass.

  15. Home

    Boat Self-Certification Safety Checklist. ABOUT. Leadership. Legal. By Laws. FAQs. ACCOUNT. JOIN/RENEW. My Account. Click below to view your account. ... International Optimist Dinghy Association (IODA) World Sailing US Sailing ...

  16. Zim Club Optimist

    Zim Optimist sailboats come with a USODA registration, sail number, and one year membership for new members. A great option for fleet purchases! Specifications. Click Here to Request a Quote. You can also reach us at [email protected] or by calling 503-285-5536 ext2. Resources.

  17. Optimist Boats for sale

    The Optimist dinghy is the most popular type of racing sailboat for juniors up to 15 years of age. The Optimist has been designed to be safe, durable and competitive. The skills that the Optimist fosters can be directly translated into other classes later on. Pricing includes boat, sails, mast, rigging, tiller, dagger board, etc (new boat package).

  18. Optimist Sailboat Parts

    Optiparts Optimist Practice Sail. Optiparts. $206.40. Basic sail for an Optimist sailboat. Panel cut, simple, and durable for club use. No window, no logo, and no IODA button for racing. Very tough - ideal for institutional and new sailors. Includes sailbag and battens Not class legal for racing.

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  22. Opti Spars

    Opti Sailboat Photo Gallery - Detailed photos of rigging and setup, including different upgrades. Opti Line Guide - Recommended line lengths and materials for halyard, mainsheet, and control lines. Opti Owners Manual - Rigging Guide and Owner's Manual from McLaughlin, an Optimist builder.

  23. Jennifer Lopez Files to Divorce Ben Affleck

    It's sort of like, you're gonna marry a boat captain and you go, 'Well, I don't like the water.'" ... "But I remain an eternal optimist about love. I believe in love. It's still my ...

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    Most villages on the Yukon are only accessible by plane or boat, which elevates the cost of importing food sources. Salmon is a crucial part of native people's culture and diet, especially those ...