new york yacht club wiki

New York Yacht Club

Stories from the New York Yacht Club

New York Yacht Club 37 West 44th Street New York, NY 10036-6643 (212) 382-1007

Website: http://www.nyyc.org/

The Isle of Wight in the Solent has long been the epicenter of yachting in England. In 1851, a schooner painted black arrived there looking to win races. This was the yacht America, owned by John Cox Stevens, the first commodore and other members of the New York Yacht Club.

NEW YORK YACHT CLUB BECOMES NSHOF FOUNDING MEMBER

These nine individuals agreed to form the New York Yacht Club, with Stevens to serve as commodore.  With much enthusiasm for their accomplishment, the group further agreed to assemble their yachts three days later and cruise to Newport, Rhode Island.

A summer cruise among New York Yacht Club members has been an annual event ever since, with the exceptions of 1861, 1898, and the war years of 1917-1920 and 1941-1945. In 1998, the club celebrated the 100th anniversary of its first cruise to Maine.

A rich and storied history of the New York Yacht Club is available on their website:

http://www.nyyc.org/about/history-heritage

BACK TO YACHT CLUB STORIES PAGE

Boating Traditions: America’s 100 Oldest Yacht Clubs

The development of yacht clubs in the 1800s is an important chapter of our boating and marina history in the U.S.—and tells us much about the country’s early yearning for nature and community.

The birth of organized boating, rowing, and sail-racing clubs in our country took place in the 1800s and many of these early yacht clubs are still in operation today.

If you’re a sailor, oarsman, or boater, you’re probably familiar with many yacht clubs around the country—but do you know which U. S. yacht clubs have the pedigree to lay claim to being the country’s oldest?

The first time I heard the phrase yacht club was during a weekend at our family camp on a lake in the Northern Tier of New York State, just outside Adirondack Park. As a boy, most of my weekends there were spent fishing, swimming, and boating, and at the neighboring marina I heard sailing stories about the St. Regis Lake Yacht Club, founded in 1897. (Not on the list here, it’s the 156th oldest yacht club in America.) I was and still am a powerboater—learning boating back then in an aluminum boat with a 7 1/2-hp outboard—but I was fascinated by the sailing stories I heard dating back to the turn of the 20th Century in New York’s Franklin County.

At Dockwa, our loose definition of a yacht club is:

• Usually membership-owned and controlled by a board;
• Can be exclusive, but many no longer are;
• Can specialize in many different types of activities such as sailing, racing, cruising, and kids’ programs;
• They do not always have paid employees and might be volunteer-based. 

Many yacht clubs nationally use Dockwa as their dockage reservation-and-booking platform or for marina management. So recently we had some fun office chatter—because we all work remotely, it was actually digital direct messaging office chatter—about which of the country’s yacht clubs have been around the longest.

Without further ado, and giving a shout-out to International Burgee Registry , here is the list of the 100 oldest yacht clubs in the United States, in chronological order of their founding from one to 100, with links to those still operating.

#1 Narragansett Boat Club , RI — 1838

#2 Detroit Boat Club , MI ( shown below ) — 1839

#3 New York Yacht Club , RI — 1844

Fun fact : The New York Yacht Club (NYYC) launched on July 30, 1844, when John Cox Stevens invited eight friends to his yacht Gimcrack , anchored in New York Harbor. The nine who met formed the NYYC and Stevens became its first commodore. Members then departed on a yacht cruise to Newport, beginning the historical connection between the NYYC and Newport, RI.

#4 Mobile Yacht Club , AL — 1847

#5 biloxi yacht club, ms — 1849, #6 pass christian yacht club , ms — 1849, #7 southern yacht club , la — 1849, #8 springfield yacht club , ma — 1850, #9 carolina yacht club , nc — 1853, #10 hoboken yacht club, nj — 1856, #11  brooklyn yacht club , ny — 1857, #12 jersey city yacht club, nj — 1858, #13 buffalo yacht club , ny — 1860, #14 neenah-nodaway yacht club , wi — 1864, #15 carteret boat club — 1865.

‍ currently Raritan Yacht Club , NJ

#16 Riverton Yacht Club NJ — 1865

#17 toledo yacht club , oh — 1865, #18 williamsburgh yacht club , ny — 1865, #19 atlantic yacht club , ny — 1866, #20 boston yacht club , ma — 1866, #21 palisades boat club , ny — 1866, #22 detroit yacht club , mi ( shown below )— 1868.

#23 New York Athletic Club Yacht Club, NY — 1868

#24 south boston yacht club , ma — 1868, #25 bunker hill yacht club, ct — 1869, #26 new hamburgh yacht club , ny — 1869, #27 oshkosh yacht club , wi — 1869, #28 portland yacht club , me — 1869, #29 san francisco yacht club , ca — 1869, #30 fishers island yacht club , ct — 1869, #31 savannah yacht club , ( shown below ) ga — 1869.

#32 Eastern Yacht Club , MA — 1870

#33 lynn yacht club, ma — 1870, #34 manhattan yacht club , ny— 1870, #35 milwaukee yacht club , wi — 1870, #36 beverly yacht club , ma — 1871, #37 new jersey yacht club — 1871, #38 north shore yacht club , ny — 1871, #39 seawanhaka yacht club , ny — 1871, #40 toms river yacht club , ny — 1871, #41 old club yacht club, mi — 1872, #42 santa barbara yacht club , ca — 1872, #43 st augustine yacht club , fl — 1873, #44 albany yacht club, ny — 1873, #45 hudson river yacht club, ny ( shown below ) — 1873.

#46 Knickerbocker Yacht Club, NY — 1874

#47 lake geneva yacht club , wi — 1874, #48 perth amboy yacht club, nj — 1874.

‍ currently Raritan Yacht Club

#49 Quincy Yacht Club, MA — 1874

#50 chicago yacht club , il — 1875, #51 duxbury yacht club, ma — 1875, #52 rhode island yacht club , ri — 1875, #53 savin hill yacht club , ma — 1875, #54 varuna yacht club, ny — 1875, #55 florida yacht club , fl — 1876, #56 bristol yacht club , ri — 1877, #57 great salt lake yacht club , ut— 1877, #58 new bedford yacht club , ma — 1877, #59 rochester yacht club , ny — 1877, #60 marblehead yacht club , ma — 1878.

‍ founded as Marblehead Boat Club

#61 Cleveland Yachting Club , OH — 1878

#62 monmouth boat club , nj — 1879, #63 yonkers yacht club , ny — 1879, #64 larchmont yacht club , ny — 1880, #65 old dominion boat club , va — 1880, #66 chelsea yacht club , ny — 1881.

‍ founded as Carthage Ice Yacht Club

#67 Oswego Yacht Club , NY ( shown below ) — 1881

#68 Yale Corinthian Yacht Club , CT — 1881

#69 narragansett yacht club, ri — 1882, #70 beach haven yacht club, nj — 1882, #71 raritan yacht club , nj— 1882, #72 american yacht club , ny — 1883, #73 carolina yacht club, sc — 1883, #74 fort schuyler club yacht squadron , ny — 1883, #75 harlem yacht club , ny — 1883, #76 minnetonka yacht club , mn — 1883, #77 onondaga yacht club , ny — 1883, #78 winthrop yacht club , ma — ( shown below ) 1884.

#79 Quannapowitt Yacht Club , MA — 1884

#80 the american yacht club , ma — 1885, #81 bar harbor yacht club , me — 1885, #82 corinthian yacht club , ma — 1885, #83 inter-lake yachting association , oh— 1885, #84 newburgh yacht club, ny — 1885, #85 sandy bay yacht club , ma — 1885, #86 shattemuc yacht club , ny — 1885, #87 annapolis yacht club , md — 1886, #88 chelsea yacht club , ma — 1886, #89 corinthian yacht club of san francisco , ca — 1886, #90 ischoda yacht club , ct — 1886, #91 put-in-bay yacht club , oh — 1886, #92 red dragon canoe club , nj — 1886, #93 san diego yacht club , ca — 1886, #94 shelter island yacht club , ny — 1886, #95 biscayne bay yacht club , fl ( shown below ) — 1887.

#96 Cedar Point Yacht Club , CT — 1887

#97 housatonic boat club, ct — 1887, #98 lake champlain yacht club , vt ( shown below ) — 1887.

#99 Quaker City Yacht Club , PA — 1887

#100 volunteer yacht club , ma — 1887, you can also find many of these marinas on marinas.com for easy access to information about hours, contact phone number, address, and more..

LIST SOURCE: Burgees.com. See the entire list of America’s oldest yacht clubs by clicking here.

A Rising Tide Lifts All Boats

Trusted by 2,000+ marinas and 300,000+ boaters.

John Rousmaniere’s many books include The Golden Pastime: A New History of Yachting, The Annapolis Book of Seamanship , and histories of the America’s Cup, maritime photography, ocean racing, and classic yachts. His Fastnet, Force 10 was hailed as “a narrative worthy of the best sea literature” by the Los Angeles Times . Sail magazine called A Berth to Bermuda “Both a grand entertainment and an invaluable resource for aficionados of the sport of ocean racing.”

The New York Yacht Club: A History, 1844-2008

by John Rousmaniere

This definitive new history of America's oldest yacht club and one of the world's best known clubs covers the Club from its founding in the cabin of a small sloop in 1844 through the America's Cup years - the longest winning streak in history - before the cup was finally lost in 1983. Since then, the Club has found a whole new, dynamic life as an active, modern yacht club that still treasures its past with its superb clubhouses and fabulous art collections in New York and Newport, RI. This lavishly illustrated book will be an engaging account of yachts, races, and personalities with names like Harold Vanderbilt, J. Pierpont Morgan, Dennis Conner, Ted Turner, and today's great sailors who have shaped the Club and worldwide yachting. Author John Rousmaniere is America's preeminent yachting historian. His many books include The Golden Pastime: A New History of Yachting; The Low Black Schooner: Yacht America, 1851-1945; A Berth to Bermuda: 100 Years of the World's Classic Ocean Race; and Fastnet, Force 10.

ISBN: 978-0-9706-442-2-0

ISBN Limited Edition: : 978-0-9706-442-3-7

10 x 10, 336 pages, October 2008

200 color and black and white illustrations, hardcover

Watch a preview of It's All About the Sailing , A Companion DVD to The New York Yacht Club: A History, 1844-2008

THE CUP THAT CHANGED EVERYTHING

The considerable advantage that the New York Yacht Club had exerted on the Cup since it first defended with a fleet of yachts on home waters in New York against the railway heir James Ashbury in 1870 was, by the 1960’s, beginning to erode. A memorandum in 1962 had declared that if multiple challenges were received within 30 days of a successful defence that they would be ‘received simultaneously.’ The fact that the Australians and British came to a gentleman’s agreement in 1964 precluded multiple challengers from entering that year and in 1967, despite a non-starting entry from the French, two rather mis-matched Australian boats vied for the challenger slot and only one, Dame Pattie, arrived in Newport.

Furthermore, the NYYC, so long the iron-fisted holder of the Cup and writer of the rules, adopted a stance via a memorandum on January 19 th 1970 that many commentators believe signed the America’s Cup to an inevitable destination – away from the New York Yacht Club. The memorandum clarified the protocol going forward and paved the way for multiple challenges to be accepted. And in 1970, the Cup world was all about to change with the emergence of one of the most colourful men in America’s Cup history – the French manufacturing tycoon Baron Marcel Bich – who kick-started the French involvement in the America’s Cup.

As soon as the 1967 regatta was concluded with the successful defence by Intrepid, no less than four challenges were received by the New York Yacht Club. Australia would be back with a renewed Sir Frank Packer campaign, meanwhile Great Britain and Greece tentatively threw their hat in the ring. But the real eye-catcher was the French who had sat out the 1967 event due to a perceived lack of experience but were busy buying up the 12 Meters (Kurrewa V, Constellation and Sovereign), commissioning Britton Chance for a side-project and setting up camp in Hyeres.

Baron Bic spent a reported $4m, a simply huge sum in 1970, with a commitment to bridging the experience gap to the Americans, Australians and British. He hired in Eric Tabarly, the undoubted star of French sailing whilst also bringing in 5.5 Meter Champion Louis Noverraz, 505 champion Jean-Marie le Guillou and Poppy Delfour one of the country’s top skippers. In Britton Chance he commissioned the American on a one-off basis to build an out-of-class 12 Meter called ‘Chanceggar’ in order to give appointed naval architect André Mauric, the son of a Marsellais cabinetmaker who had designed the fastest Starboat in the world at the time, a baseline of data from a modern 12 Meter. It was money-no-object, as well as being an almost party-scene in Newport with the enigmatic Baron setting up house at one of the grandest mansions on Bellevue Avenue, but acted as a huge boost to France’s participation in the America’s Cup.

Whilst the French were getting immersed in their first campaign, the Australians under Sir Frank Packer had re-grouped and appointed Alan Payne as chief designer. Payne’s long experience by now in the Cup led him down an ever-more scientific path. Tank testing at Sydney University was now a far more technical approach with tools developed under the watchful eye of Payne whilst the introduction of wind tunnel testing on the rig produced some major advances that made the Americans, most notably Olin Stephens, sit up and take notice. Perhaps one of the biggest advances was discovered by Professor Peter Joubert, Payne’s good friend, who spent a day sailing with skipper Jim Hardy and realised that the greatest struggle for a skipper of a 12 Meter was visibility and being able to see both the genoa and the waves. This led to the implementation of the twin wheels that became ubiquitous on 12 Meters thereafter and was notably a feature on the American defender also in 1970. Gretel II as she was named, was everything that the original and much-modified Gretel was not. In the hands of Jim Hardy, this was an Australian challenge that had all the hallmarks of being one of the strongest challengers in Cup history.

The French, however, were the first hurdle for Gretel II to overcome. Baron Bich’s syndicate built their 12 Meter across the border from the Egger Boatyard in Lake Neuchatel in order to meet the strict build nationality restrictions of the Cup, with French labour to Meuric’s lines but at launch, ‘France’ as she was named attracted derisory comments from the American, Britton Chance, who said: “France is a copy of my boat (referring to ‘Chanceggar’ that he had designed privately for Bich) with mistakes; the only changes they made are wrong.”

In the early challenger trials though, France looked a match for Gretel II, and with Louis Noverraz on the helm in a thrilling opening race, led all the way around only to fall into a wind hole on the last leg. Inexplicably, Bich replaced Noverraz on a whim and installed Poppy Delfour for race two which was held in desperately light airs that would have suited Noverraz perfectly being that he had grown-up sailing on the Swiss lakes.

Delfour lost the start and was some 200 yards astern at the top mark but in the fluky conditions, aced the run to the leeward mark and the French were leading before again being overtaken upwind leg. But in a repeat of the first lap, on the final downwind, as the wind shut down completely, Delfour managed to get France ahead again before a shrewd sail change from spinnaker to ultra-light genoa on Gretel II pulled her away, ghost-like, into an unassailable lead. True to form, Delfour was replaced on the spot by Bich in favour of Novarraz, adding to the chaotic shoreside presence that marked France’s first foray into the America’s Cup.

The change had little effect as the third race of the challenger series was held in heavy breeze that topped out at 29 knots and well out of the design range of France, affording the Australians who excelled as sailors in the breeze, a comfortable victory. But more drama was to come from the French following race three with the indomitable Bich sacking both of his helmsmen and then, dressed in a white double-breasted suit, white shirt, yacht club tie and white gloves replete with a white topped yachting cap, stylishly took the helm for the final race with Eric Tabarly beside him as navigator.

Quite why the gallant Baron chose to helm remains a source of speculation with some suggesting that he chose to grasp the story and take the blame of defeat (if there were to be any) and deflect criticism back home from his appointed skippers. Whatever the truth of the matter, Bich’s turn on the helm was somewhat of a ‘Catastrophe!’ as quoted in the French journal La Monde, with France getting lost circling in the Newport fog whilst Gretel II sailed the course and sealed the Challenger slot. France would be back and lessons of a haphazard but ultimately fun campaign that is burnished in the memory of all who witnessed it, were hard learnt.

The New York Yacht Club meanwhile had high hopes pinned on its superstar designer Olin Stephens for a new yacht, ‘Valiant’, that was built to the order of vice commodore Robert McCullough. Britton Chance meanwhile was hired by William Strawbridge to update the all-conquering Intrepid from 1967 and both designers went to work tank-testing at the Stevens Institute in Hoboken. With so much confidence in Stephens, the expectation around Valiant was for another rocket-ship that would move the dial on yacht design once again.

Unfortunately, those hopes were mis-placed. Valiant was a difficult boat to steer and her trail wash was considerable. Stephens later lamented that the small-scale test runs in the tank threw up inconsistent data and highlighted, amongst other things, the design conclusions of the small-scale modelling that led to Charles Morgan’s beautifully adapted but ultimately slow ‘Heritage’ – one of the prettiest 12 Meters ever built. Chance however, had put together a programme with Bill Ficker as helmsman of Intrepid that was un-relentingly precise in its execution with every detail and every modification carefully considered, noted and assessed.

The American trials were a four-way affair with Valiant, Intrepid and Heritage joined by the much-upgraded Weatherly of 1958 with George Hinman on the wheel. In early trials, Valiant and Intrepid shared wins but easily dispatched Heritage. By the end of the first series Valiant was 5-3 up against Intrepid but the New York Yacht Club harboured grave doubts about Valiant’s straight-line speed and headed into the observation trials in July 1970 eyeing the possibility that Intrepid could be, once again, the yacht to defend the America’s Cup.

The NYYC Cruise regatta did little to enhance Valiant’s case after a race where she struggled to beat Heritage and a further race against Intrepid that saw her unable to point anywhere near as high off the line and suffered through manoeuvres. Immediately after the Annual Cruise, all the boats were sent for upgrades – some more dramatic than others with Heritage undergoing reconstructive surgery on her mast, keel and rudder whilst Weatherly tacked on a new mainsail. Intrepid, under the design of Britton Chance, opted to upgrade with wide fairing strips that led from the maximum beam mark all the way back to the rudder to lengthen the waterline.

When racing recommenced, it was what proved to be, a false dawn for Valiant who won the first race by a margin of 42 seconds against Intrepid and then went on to win races against Weatherly and Heritage. Intrepid dispatched the elder boats too in quick succession and it came down to a straight fight between Intrepid and Valiant for the defence slot. Bill Ficker aced the next six races, steering Intrepid to wins of greater and greater margins supported by an afterguard consisting of Steve Van Dyck as tactician and Peter Wilson as navigator who gelled in a variety of conditions and left the New York Yacht Club with no other choice. The 1970 America’s Cup Match would be Intrepid versus the hard-charging Gretel II and Newport was alive to the contest.

The racing certainly didn’t disappoint. Right from the first starting gun, the now established match-racing tactics of circling and trailing were much in evidence. Jim Hardy was fired up for the contest and the first protest flag of the series flew as the two boats bore away on opposite tacks in close quarter. Hardy seized the initiative and trailed hard on the stern of Intrepid and with 30 seconds to go, tacked off on a mis-timed run into the line. Bill Ficker held course on a perfect line and at the gun, Intrepid was at full speed.

It was a lead that she would never relinquish despite the race turning into something of a farce as it proceeded. First, Gretel II wrapped her kite around the forestay before snapping her spinnaker pole on the first hoist before being almost swamped by the wake of the spectator fleet following Intrepid. As the wash trundled down the deck, it flushed oil from the winches and in a dramatic moment, Paul Salmon the foredeck boss, was washed overboard meaning a return to collect him. It took two attempts to get him back onboard. Further calamity struck the Australians on the final leg as a US Destroyer and a Coast Guard crossed her path before the spectator fleet broke the imaginary boundary and entered the racecourse, causing the chop to increase severely. Gretel II finished the race some 5 minutes and 52 seconds astern of Intrepid with both syndicates complaining colourfully to the NYYC Committee Chairman Dev Barker. The Coast Guard was called in for a meeting and promised to do better. They held true to their word for the rest of the series.

Shoreside though, a number of protests were heard relating to the pre-start hunting that Jim Hardy had inflicted on Bill Ficker with many observers believing that the Australians had a very strong case being on starboard and with rights. However, the protest committee were having none of it and as Jim Hardy said afterwards: “We left the protest meeting like little boys who have just been lectured by their schoolmaster.” Two protests were summarily dismissed. The score was 1-0 to Intrepid. 

Immediately after the race, Hardy called a meeting with an idea to install Martin Visser as the starting helmsman due to the fact that he had shown more aggressive tactics at close quarters in trial races. Sir Frank Packer and skipper Bill Fesq agreed, and Hardy would resume the helm position once clear of the line. It was a shrewd move by Hardy and in the second race, Visser stuck Gretel II expertly ahead and to leeward on the line in a classic match-race start that caused Intrepid to quickly tack away.

By the top mark, the Australians were in a commanding lead of almost two minutes but after two poor reaching legs found themselves astern at the leeward mark as mild fog crept across the racecourse. Now came a bizarre call from the NYYC Committee that was, it was later found, based on suspicion of outside assistance being accepted by the Australians. The Americans had noted several races in the challenger selection series against France where Gretel II seemed to uncannily be able to position themselves perfectly around the racecourse in fog and suspected that they were receiving course plots externally. The truth is that Bill Fesq had innovatively installed a doubled electronic system, set at right angles, from the UK nautical electronics firm Brookes & Gatehouse that gave an accurate dead-reckoning position, but the suspicion was intense amongst the Americans and the race was dramatically abandoned on the second upwind leg and the suspicions raged for years, decades even, afterwards.

With an increasingly fraught backdrop enveloping the regatta of 1970, the re-run race two was to see a further souring of relations between the Australians and the Americans, centred around a pre-start foul that took aerial photographic evidence to eventually decide. However even before the starting sequence had begun, drama occurred on Intrepid as Steve Van Dyck, the American navigator was bitten by a ‘Yellow Jacket’ wasp and suffered a severe reaction so bad that he had to be taken to a tender and then airlifted by the US Coast Guard to hospital.

With the crew drama resolved, in light airs, and after considerable circling, both boats were coming in on the approaches to the start-line with Gretel II set up for a committee boat start and Intrepid seemingly trapped to windward. In the final seconds, Gretel II sought to shut out the Americans aggressively. However, the timing of Visser was arguably slightly adrift and in the desperately light airs, he struggled to get Gretel II’s momentum through the water enough to make the block. Bill Ficker, Intrepid’s helm spotted the gap emerging before him and with more speed effectively barged in at the committee boat only for Gretel II to respond with a slow luff that saw the two boats come together with the Australian bow glancing Intrepid just behind the shroud plate a few seconds after the starting gun had fired.

What followed was a fascinating light air duel whilst both boats carried protest flags. A 24-tack tacking duel ensued up the first windward leg with Intrepid emerging ahead at the top mark but good sailing downwind by David Forbes who assumed the helm for the offwind legs from Jim Hardy saw the gap close. On the next windward leg, with Hardy back on the helm, Gretel II closed again before handing back to Forbes to work his magic downwind. With a smaller spinnaker set perfectly, Gretel II passed Intrepid and led at the final leeward mark by over 100 yards. Hardy brought Gretel II home after a short tacking duel to score what looked like a fabulous win by 1 minute and 7 seconds, but the race was set to be decided in the protest room.

For all the world, the Australians felt that they had every chance of success in the protest room and still to this day, many of the famous sailors who graced that campaign – including John Bertrand who was the jib trimmer of Gretel II and who went on to win the America’s Cup in 1983 – felt that Intrepid had barged in and had no rights. The protest committee however, received first a detailed explanation from Bill Ficker, an architect by profession, who presented not only precise prose outlining the American viewpoint but explicit and detailed drawings of the situation. Ficker’s presentation was ultimately amplified by the emergence of photographic evidence in the form of a series of stills that even showed the smoke emanating from the starting canon and the protest committee’s decision was swayed.

In effect what it boiled down to was an interpretation of when Gretel II was obliged to give room to Intrepid. Ficker argued that Rule 42.1 (e) of “not sailing past close-hauled after the starting gun and before the line,” had been violated by the Australians and after much deliberation, and with all the evidence presented, the committee agreed. It was 2-0 to the Americans and Sir Frank Packer was incandescent, calling for an immediate re-opening of the case and re-instatement of Gretel II’s win. It fell on deaf ears and a short response was issued by Devereux Barker III, Chairman of the Protest Committee, citing no new evidence being presented and therefore no reason to re-open the case.

The Australians remained furious at the decision but recognising that they not only had to win against a yacht but also against a hometown protest committee (despite the presence on the committee of a non NYYC member in Gregg Bemis), Jim Hardy re-assumed the helm for race three to quieten down the aggressive starting practices of Visser. It proved to be a mistake as Ficker seized the advantage in the pre-start and then pushed Gretel II over the line early. Whilst both boats were over, Intrepid was in a better position to duck away and come back onto the wind with even more speed. With Hardy having to duck right away, Intrepid was off to the races and in a choppy sea was never headed but never really extended. The final delta proved to be almost the time that the Australians had lost at the start – 1 minute and 18 seconds. It was 3-0 to the Americans and match point.

What race three had shown however, was that Gretel II was a match for Intrepid in anything under the mid-range conditions and the Australians, with an afterguard of stellar sailors, was a match for the Americans. Newport denizens and seasoned American commentators were still uncomfortable about the destiny of the America’s Cup and their worst fears were confirmed in race four.

On an atypical Newport day with the wind clocking and backing through a 15-degree arc, Bill Ficker took the decision to try and close out the regatta through a run-and-hide strategy, refusing to engage with the Australians and only mildly responding to a tacking duel once ahead. The American skippers’ tactic though was found out rather cruelly on the final leg, in a rapidly dying breeze, and with a lead of over a minute as a 90-degree shift filtered across the course, favouring the Australians who had spent the race closing the gap down to just 100 yards and who now seized the lead for a fraught final leg to the committee boat finish line. Despite rolling the dice with a clever positional move, the shift never came back for Intrepid, and the Americans were beaten by 1 minute and 2 seconds. It was Sir Frank Packer’s second clean victory in the America’s Cup and a cause for much celebration in Newport that night.

The repercussions though of the race two disqualification sat uneasily on Jim Hardy’s mind and following consultation with the likes of the designer Bruce Kirby and the established authority on yacht racing rules, Gerald Sambrooke-Sturgess in London, Hardy convinced Sir Frank Packer to try and re-open the case on appeal. It was shut down curtly by the New York Yacht Club once again and the boats emerged on the 28 th September 1970 for what would prove to be a thrilling final race of the series.

Race five was held in a shifting, light northerly airflow, conditions well-suited to the Australian design of Alan Payne that was regarded as a faster boat in the lower ranges. Jim Hardy won the start convincingly and, with pace, quickly stretched into a commanding lead of some 200 yards. With no other option, Intrepid had to try and force an error and instigated a tacking duel with Bill Ficker in phase with the shifts to such a degree that he reeled the Australians back at an alarming pace. In the final approaches to the top mark, the Americans seized the lead, powering over the top of Gretel II as she attempted a lee-bow position to leeward and perfectly on the layline. It was the slam-dunk move that forced the Australians to put in a short two-tacks to get round the mark and handed Intrepid a 150-yard lead down the two reaches.

The second upwind leg was a thriller however, with a big windshift that briefly put the Australians ahead before abating and coming back to Intrepid. The gap had narrowed to just 100 yards by the second windward mark and was further narrowed down the final run with Gretel II closing to within 30 yards but as the boats came into the last leeward mark, a persistent windshift filtered across the Newport racecourse turning the beat to the finish into a fetch and Intrepid maintained station to record a 4-1 series victory.

Australia were left smarting about ‘what could have been’ and in Gretel II they knew that they had the boat to beat the Americans in typical Newport conditions. Intrepid was victorious due to its remarkable skipper in Bill Ficker, enhanced by a crew that was drilled to military standards, and supported by key decisions going their way.

From the outside it was an easy, and almost certainly false, suggestion to make that the New York Yacht Club was in some way biased but Sir Frank Packer left a memorable quote that stayed long after the 1970 series: “Protesting to the New York Yacht Club is like complaining to your mother-in-law about your wife.”

Founded in 2007, the New York Yacht Club Foundation has contributed $8.1 million to fund much needed capital projects in both New York and Newport.

The care and maintenance of these historic buildings require constant attention and is only made possible by the support of the New York Yacht Club Foundation.

Make a donation

About the 44th Street Clubhouse

In 1897, Commodore J. Pierpont Morgan’s unexpected purchase and donation of a three-lot site on West 44th Street was the gift on which the New York Yacht Club would erect its first permanent Clubhouse. Designed by the celebrated Warren & Wetmore architectural firm and completed in 1901, the historic Landmark building—so designated by New York City’s prestigious Landmark Preservation Commission—is a preeminent example of Beaux Arts architecture.

About Harbour Court

Conceived by the Boston-based consortium of Cram, Goodhue and Ferguson, the Renaissance Norman-style mansion was completed in 1906, five short years after the 44th Street Clubhouse. The former summer estate of the late NYYC Commodore John Nicholas Brown, Harbour Court was acquired by the Club in 1988, and has since evolved into the internationally recognized Clubhouse and sailing center that it is today.

About Station 10

In 1845, Commodore John Cox Stevens commissioned architect Alexander Jackson Davis to design the New York Yacht Club’s first Clubhouse—a distinctive structure influenced by the Gothic Revival school. Originally erected in Hoboken, New Jersey, it was later moved to Glen Cove, New York, where it was known as Station 10. The structure was later moved to Mystic Seaport in Connecticut before a final journey to its lasting home at Harbour Court.

CONSIDER MAKING A

Over the next decade, with multiple projects on the horizon, in the planning stages or under way at both Harbour Court or 44th Street, major funding is required to ensure that these Clubhouses are preserved for future generations. These efforts include rebuilding a seawall and restoring the boathouse at Harbour Court. The ongoing annual maintenance of these historic buildings is made possible by the New York Yacht Club Foundation and your generous support.

NYYCF Board of Directors

Harry t. rein.

President & Chairman

Joseph F. Huber

Vice President - Development

Marie Klok Crump

Vice President - Marketing

Christopher L. Otorowski

David k. elwell, jr..

At-Large Member

Charles H. Townsend

William mathews (matt) brooks.

Chairman Emeritus

Board of Directors

Lauretta j. bruno, david t. guernsey, jr., amy h. ironmonger, ralph heyward isham, gary a. jobson, michael f. johnston, commodore philip a. lotz, mark mashburn, douglas l. newhouse, carol o’malley, charles f. willis iv, donald j. steiner, arthur j. santry iii, executive director, trixie b. wadson.

Get in Touch

For more information or assistance with making a contribution, please contact the Foundation by calling 401-608-1125 or [email protected] .

New York Yacht Club

The New York Yacht Club (NYYC) is a private social club and yacht club based in New York City and Newport, Rhode Island . It was founded in 1844 by nine prominent sportsmen. The members have contributed to the sport of yachting and yacht design. As of 2001, the organization was reported to have about 3,000 members. [1] Membership in the club is by invitation only. Its officers include a commodore , vice-commodore, rear-commodore, secretary and treasurer.

Main Clubhouse New York City

Harbour court, newport rhode island, new york yacht club stations c. 1894, racing and the america's cup, notable members, further reading, external links.

The club is headquartered at the New York Yacht Club Building in New York City. The America's Cup trophy was won by members in 1851 and held by the NYYC until 1983 . The NYYC successfully defended the trophy twenty-four times in a row before being defeated by the Royal Perth Yacht Club , represented by the yacht Australia II . The NYYC's reign was the longest winning streak as measured by years in the history of all sports. [2]

The NYYC entered 2021 and 2024 America's Cup competition under the syndicate name American Magic . [3]

In 1845, the club's first clubhouse was established—a modest, Gothic-revival building in Hoboken, New Jersey , designed by architect Alexander Jackson Davis , on land donated by Commodore John Cox Stevens . [4] [5] After outgrowing its cramped quarters, the club moved to the McFarlane–Bredt House in Staten Island , [6] then to Madison Avenue in Manhattan . [4] [5] The Hoboken clubhouse itself was physically relocated to Glen Cove, New York , then to Mystic, Connecticut . [7]

The present primary clubhouse is the New York Yacht Club Building , a six-storied Beaux-Arts landmark with a nautical-themed limestone facade, at 37 West 44th Street in Midtown Manhattan . Opened in 1901, the clubhouse was designed by Warren and Wetmore (1898), who later helped design Grand Central Terminal . [8] The centerpiece of the clubhouse is the "Model Room", which contains a notable collection of full and half hull models including a scale model history of all New York Yacht Club America's Cup challenges. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1987. [4] [5] [9]

As Penn Club of New York (est. 1901) became the first alumni clubhouse to join Clubhouse Row for inter-club events at 30 West 44th Street [10] after Harvard Club of New York City (est. 1888) at 27 West 44th, New York Yacht Club (est. 1899) became the first non-alumni clubhouse to join at 37 West 44th, then Yale Club of New York City (est. 1915) on East 44th (and Vanderbilt) and Cornell Club of New York (est. 1989) at 6 East 44th on the same block, with Princeton Club of New York joining in 1963 at 15 West 43rd (the only alumni clubhouse who wasn't on 44th Street, whose members, part of the staff, and in-residence club, Williams College Club of New York were absorbed into Penn Club following a previous visiting reciprocity agreement between the Princeton-Penn Clubs, before Princeton's went out of business during COVID). [11] [12] Despite being in New York City, Columbia University Club of New York (est. 1901) left Princeton after residence agreement issues [13] [14] to become in-residence at The Penn Club, while Dartmouth shares the Yale Club, and Brown shares the Cornell Club.

To better host regattas, in 1988, the club purchased an impressive water front property in Newport, Rhode Island . [15]

The New York Yacht Club was founded on July 30, 1844, by nine gentlemen. John Cox Stevens , the leader of this group, and a prominent citizen of New York with a passion for sports, was elected commodore. [16] John Clarkson Jay of Rye , one of the nine founders, was a grandson of Founding Father John Jay and served as the first Secretary of the board. [17] George L. Schuyler and Hamilton Wilkes were also NYYC founders who, together with Stevens and two others, created the syndicate that built and raced the great schooner-yacht, America . Wilkes served as the club's first vice-commodore. Schuyler played a key role in the founding of the America's Cup regatta , and served as its unofficial consultant until his death in 1890. [18]

In 1845, the club's burgee was designed. [19] The waters off Newport have been a key sailing venue for the NYYC since the beginning of its history. Indeed, the day the club was founded in 1844, its members resolved to sail from the Battery to Newport. Two days later, they did, with several stops on the way, and trials of speed.

During the first decades of the club's history, racing for prize money was the objective among most members. In 1851 , a syndicate of NYYC enthusiasts built and raced America , capturing the "One Hundred Sovereign Cup" at the annual regatta of the Royal Yacht Squadron . On July 8, 1857, the coveted trophy was donated to the NYYC, to serve as a challenge cup for sportsmanlike competition between nations. The " America's Cup Race ", named for its first winner, played a central role in the history of the club until this day.

In 1865, the club was incorporated, adopting the Latin motto: "Nos agimur tumidis velis"   – "We go with swelling sails" (adapted from the verse of the famous Roman poet Horace , "Non agimur tumidis uelis", "We do not go with swelling sails", in Epistles , 2, 2, 201). During this time, membership transitioned from the "old guard" to a new generation of yachtsmen, who built large schooner yachts captained by professionals. Marking this evolution was the 1866 resignation of Commodore Edwin Augustus Stevens , brother of founder John Cox Stevens and member of the America syndicate.

The year 1866 is remembered in club annals for the legendary "Transatlantic Race". In December, the NYYC schooners Henrietta , Fleetwing , and Vesta raced from Sandy Hook to The Needles , Isle of Wight for a $90,000 winner-take-all prize. The Henrietta , owned by 21-year-old James Gordon Bennett Jr. , and skippered by Captain Samuel S. Samuels , won the race in 13 days, 21 hours and 55 minutes. Bennett would be elected commodore in 1871.

On August 8, 1870, the schooner Magic represented the New York Yacht Club in the international 1870 America's Cup competition in the New York Harbor and was won by Franklin Osgood 's American yacht Magic . She beat 17 competitors, including the English yacht Cambria and the yachts Dauntless, Idler, Fleetwing, Phantom, America and others. [20]

In 1876, the Mohawk , a large centerboard schooner, capsized due to its sheets being "made fast" (fastened securely) when a freak squall struck. Vice-Commodore William T. Garner, his wife and crew died in the accident. It is believed that this tragedy led to the extinction of the great centerboard schooner yachts. The Mohawk was later sold to the U.S. Navy and recommissioned as the USS Eagre .

In 1895, Richard H. Barker composed 'The yacht club march: march and two-step: for piano' in honor of the New York Yacht Club. [21]

In 1994, as part of the club's 150th anniversary celebrations, Melissa H. Harrington wrote the book The New York Yacht Club, 1844–1994 . [22]

By 1894, the New York Yacht Club had a number of Clubhouses: Station 1 in Bay Ridge ; 2 in New York NY; 3 in Whitestone NY ; 4 in New London, Connecticut ; 5 in Shelter Island, New York ; 6 in Newport RI; 7 in Vineyard Haven and at Rendezvous Glen Cove. In 1868, the club bought a big mansion used as Station 2 at Rosebank, Staten Island . This building still stands and is known as the McFarlane–Bredt House .

Former Commodore J. P. Morgan was present at a board meeting on 27 October 1898 to discuss the construction of a new clubhouse. Morgan offered to acquire a 75-by-100-foot (23 by 30   m) plot on 44th Street in midtown Manhattan [23] [24] if the NYYC raised its annual membership dues from $25 to $50 and if the new clubhouse occupied the entire site. [24] The board accepted his offer, and Morgan bought the lots the next day for $148,000 and donated to the club. [25] [26]

Members hosted an informal housewarming party on 29 January 1901 and gave Morgan a trophy in gratitude of his purchase of the site. [27] [28]

Following the disastrous [ clarification needed ] Bay of Quinte America's Cup challenge in 1881, the club's committee voted a new rule to govern its races: [29]

The America's Cup challenges of 1885, 1886 and 1887 used this rule with an 85   ft (25.91   m) waterline length limit. In 1887, the NYYC adopted the Seawanhaka Corinthian Yacht Club 's rating rule, which handicapped length comparatively less. Then, in 1903, the NYYC changed its rating system to the "Herreshoff Rule", devised by the yacht designer, Nathanael Herreshoff . Later renamed the "Universal Rule", it would be adopted by the majority of leading American yacht clubs. The rule governed yacht design for almost forty years.

The America's Cup was held for 132 years, from 1851 until Australia II defeated Dennis Conner 's Liberty off Newport, Rhode Island in 1983 . This record remains the longest winning streak in sports history.

Since the loss of the Cup the NYYC has been forced to reinvent itself and the club has become involved in team racing , dinghy racing , youth sailing, and international regattas. In 2002 the Club hosted the Intercollegiate Sailing Association Sloop North American Championships. In 2006 the Club hosted the Blind Sailing World Championships . [30]

The NYYC entered 2021 America's Cup represented by the American Magic team, led by Terry Hutchinson and Bella Mente Quantum Racing Association. In May 2018, it was announced that Dean Barker will helm the boat. [31] "American Magic" references the first Cup winner, the yacht America , and the first defender, the yacht Magic . [32]

• "Annual Regatta", started in 1846
• NYYC Invitational Cup
• 2005 Rolex Transatlantic Challenge
• "New York Yacht Club Cruise", an annual series of races held in July or August
• "Queen's Cup Trophy"
• "Corsair Cup"
• "Astor Cups"
• "Solution Trophy"

The club has held a number of World Championships including J/70 World Championship , Melges 20 World Championship , Melges 32 World Championship , Etchells World Championship , Farr 40 World Championship , TP52 World Championship and 12-metre Worlds.

• Winthrop W. Aldrich
• Brooke Astor
• John Jacob Astor , real estate mogul
• Vincent Astor
• George Fisher Baker
• August Belmont
• James Gordon Bennett Jr. , newspaper publisher
• Michael Bloomberg , Mayor of New York City
• John Nicholas Brown II , philanthropist
• Frederick Gilbert Bourne
• William F. Buckley , author and commentator
• William A. Chanler , explorer, soldier and US Congressman
• Robert H. Conn , Assistant Secretary of the Navy
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• Walter Cronkite , newscaster
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• Junius Spencer Morgan III
• Emil Mosbacher
• Robert Mosbacher
• Franklin Osgood (1826–1888), served three terms as Rear-Commodore; member of first America's Cup Committee (1869) [33]
• Frank F. Olney (1851–1903), 18th Mayor of Providence, Rhode Island [34]
• Trenor Luther Park elected 1883, owned the Sultana
• Jonas M. Platt , major general in the Marine Corps
• David Rockefeller , banker
• Franklin D. Roosevelt , 32nd President of the United States
• Gary Roughead , 29th Chief of Naval Operations, US Navy
• Arthur J. Santry, Jr. Chief Executive Officer, Combustion Engineering and Commodore NYYC [35]
• Elliott Fitch Shepard , lawyer and newspaper owner [36]
• Alfred P. Sloan
• George J. Smith , U.S. Congressman and cigar manufacturer [37]
• John Cox Stevens
• Olin Stephens , yacht designer
• Ted Turner , media mogul
• Cornelius Vanderbilt III , Army general
• Harold Stirling Vanderbilt , railroad executive
• Thomas Watson Jr.
• List of American gentlemen's clubs

Sailboat design for club fleets

• New York 36
• Swan 47-2 ,
• ClubSwan 42 ,
• Melges IC37 ,
• Sonar (keelboat)

Related Research Articles

The Royal Yacht Squadron ( RYS ) is a British yacht club. Its clubhouse is Cowes Castle on the Isle of Wight in the United Kingdom. Member yachts are given the suffix RYS to their names, and are permitted to wear the White Ensign of the Royal Navy rather than the merchant Red Ensign worn by the majority of other UK registered vessels. The club's patron was Queen Elizabeth II.

Boat racing is a sport in which boats, or other types of watercraft, race on water. Boat racing powered by oars is recorded as having occurred in ancient Egypt, and it is likely that people have engaged in races involving boats and other water-borne craft for as long as such watercraft have existed.

A yacht club is a boat club specifically related to yachting.

America was a 19th-century racing yacht and first winner of the America's Cup international sailing trophy.

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Larchmont Yacht Club is a private, members-only yacht club situated on Larchmont Harbor in the Village of Larchmont, in Westchester County, New York.

The Indian Harbor Yacht Club is a private yacht club in Greenwich, CT with a long and storied yachting tradition. The club, founded in 1889 in New York City by a group of prominent sportsmen, is based mainly around personally owned yachts and pleasure boats, but also has a long history of competitive races. The members have contributed to the sport of yachting and yacht design. The New York Times noted that "Indian Harbor ranks among the most influential institutions of its kind in the country." Membership in the club is by invitation only.

The Atlantic Yacht Club is a family-oriented yacht club located on the shores of Gravesend Bay in south Brooklyn. A storied member of the New York sailing community, the club is perhaps best known for its contributions to New York sailing in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when it featured prominently as one of the leading yacht clubs of its day.

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The 100 Guineas Cup , also known as the Hundred Guinea Cup , or the Cup of One Hundred Sovereigns , was a regatta in 1851 which was the first competition for the trophy later named America's Cup. The trophy was valued at 100 pounds-sterling which led to its various names, all variations on 100 Pound Cup . The race was won by the yacht America , leading to the trophy being renamed "America's Cup". The official event known as "The America's Cup" was founded in 1857, when the deed of gift established the racing regattas. The 1851 competition was a fleet race, whereas modern America's Cups finals are match races.

The Harlem Yacht Club , currently based on City Island in the New York City borough of The Bronx and incorporated in 1883, is the third oldest continuously functioning yacht club in the City of New York, the first being The New York Yacht Club, and followed by the Williamsburgh Yacht Club. The club currently has over 100 enrolled members in various membership categories.

The Widgeon was a 19th-century yacht and Sandy Hook pilot boat, built in 1855 by James R. & George Steers for Daniel Edgar of the New York Yacht Club and designed by George Steers. She came in 17th in an unsuccessful America’s Cup defense in 1870. Widgeon was sold in 1871 to a group of New York pilots to replace the John D. Jones, which sank in a collision with the steamer City of Washington . New York pilots condemned the Widgeon as unseaworthy in 1879, which sparked a fight for steam pilot-boat service. In 1883 a decision was affirmed by the Supreme Court and the Board of Commissioners of Pilots that pilot boats could be "propelled" by steam.

The Gracie was a 19th-century racing sloop yacht built in 1868 by James E. Smith shipyard at Nyack, New York. She raced the America's Cup defender Mischief in the trails off Sandy Hook in 1881. Gracie raced at the New York Yacht Club, Atlantic Yacht Club and other eastern yacht clubs. After a 42-year career in racing, she was sold in 1909 and converted to a freight boat sailing from Milton Point, off Long Island to New York.

Franklin Osgood was a 19th-century businessman and yachtsman. He was one of the most experienced yachtsman having sailed for more than 23 years. He was owner and manager of the racing yachts Widgeon , Columbia , and Magic . He was the first defender and two-time winner of the America's Cup. Osgood was inducted into the America's Cup Hall of Fame in 2020.

The Dauntless was a 19th-century wooden yacht schooner, designed and built in 1866 by Forsyth & Morgan at Mystic Bridge, Connecticut, and owned and sailed by noted yachtsmen, among them James Gordon Bennett Jr. and Caldwell Hart Colt. She was first called the L'Hirondelle and later renamed the Dauntless . The Dauntless was in three Trans-Atlantic matches for the New York Yacht Club. She came in fourth in an unsuccessful America’s Cup defense in 1870.

The Fleetwing was a 19th-century wooden yacht schooner, built in 1865 by Joseph D. Van Deusen and owned by yachtsman George Archer Osgood. She was one of the fastest yachts in the squadron. The Fleetwing was in the famous 1886 transatlantic ocean race for the New York Yacht Club. She came in 12th in an unsuccessful America’s Cup defense in 1870.

The Phantom was a 19th-century centerboard schooner-yacht built in 1865 by Joseph D. Van Deusen and first owned by yachtsman Henry G. Stebbins. She was one of the fastest yachts in the New York squadron. The Phantom won 1st place in the June 1867 New York Yacht Club regatta. She came in 7th place in an unsuccessful America's Cup defense in 1870. She was sold as a racing yacht several times before she went out of service in 1900.

The Idler was a 19th-century schooner-yacht built in 1864 by Samuel Hartt Pook from Fairhaven, Connecticut, and owned by yachtsman Thomas C. Durant. She was one of the fastest yachts in the New York squadron. Idler came in 2nd place in the America’s Cup defense in 1870. She was sold as a racing yacht several times before she capsized and sank in 1900.

The Madeleine was a 19th-century racing schooner-yacht built in 1868 by David Kurby in Rye, New York and owned by Commodore Jacob B. Voorhis. Madeleine was the winner of the America's Cup in 1876 and an American defender in the 1870 America's Cup. She won the two most desired trophies reserved for schooners, the Bennett and the Douglas Cups. In 1911, the Madeleine was dismantled and sunk at the mouth of the Hillsborough River, Florida.

The New York Yacht Club Building is a seven-story Beaux-Arts clubhouse at 37 West 44th Street in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Opened in 1901, the building was designed by architect Whitney Warren of Warren and Wetmore as the sixth clubhouse of the New York Yacht Club (NYYC). The clubhouse is part of Clubhouse Row, a concentration of clubhouses on 44th Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues. The building is a New York City designated landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a National Historic Landmark.

• ↑ Landlocked Berth for Boat Lovers; New York Yacht Club Spruces Up Its Grand Home And Finds It Can Thrive Without America's Cup , James Barron, The New York Times , 03 Feb 2001, "The effort to add fresh blood to the blue blood has increased the roster to about 3,000 members."
• ↑ "CAMPAIGN FOR 36TH AMERIca's CUP PAIRS TWO SUCCESSFUL AMERICAN RACING PROGRAMS WITH NEW YORK YACHT CLUB - News - New York Yacht Club" .
• 1 2 3 "New York Yacht Club" . National Historic Landmark summary listing . National Park Service. 2007-09-17. Archived from the original on 2008-01-06.
• 1 2 3 " "New York Yacht Club", October 1985, by James H. Charleston" . National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination . National Park Service. October 1985.
• ↑ Gray, Christopher (1991-09-08). "Streetscapes: The McFarlane-Bredt House; The Old Yacht Club On Staten Island" . The New York Times . ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2022-10-26 .
• ↑ Verde, Tom (1999-12-26). "The View From/Mystic; New York Yacht Club Reclaims Its Clubhouse" . The New York Times . ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2022-10-26 .
• ↑ http://dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/architects/view/310 Whitney Warren Dictionary of Architects in Canada
• ↑ "New York Yacht Club--Accompanying photo, exterior, undated" . National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination . National Park Service. October 1985.
• ↑ Slatin, Peter (May 9, 1993). "Penn's Racing to Join Clubhouse Row" . New York Times . Archived from the original on November 30, 2020 . Retrieved November 2, 2020 .
• ↑ Chao, Eveline (January 7, 2022). "It Wasn't Just the Pandemic That Closed the Princeton Club" . Curbed . Archived from the original on November 3, 2022 . Retrieved November 3, 2022 .
• ↑ "Williams Club in New York moves to Penn Club building" .
• ↑ "The Columbia Club's New Home" . Columbia College Today . July 5, 2017 . Retrieved October 30, 2021 .
• ↑ Skelding, Conor (August 4, 2016). "Columbia, Princeton clubs at impasse over residence agreement" . Politico . Retrieved October 29, 2021 .
• ↑ "NYYC - Harbour Court" . 2023-06-29.
• ↑ "Who founded the New York Yacht Club today in 1844?" . Grateful American Foundation . 2015-07-12 . Retrieved 2021-10-23 .
• ↑ Clary, Suzanne. "A Legacy of Sailing: Owners of the Jay Estate & Yachting in New York 1843 - 1966". Rye Magazine: Weston Magazine, Inc. (38): 244. Retrieved January 2, 2016 – via issuu.
• ↑ "New York Yacht Club" . National Sailing Hall of Fame . Retrieved 2021-10-23 .
• ↑ "Yacht Clubs of NY" . bklyn-genealogy-info.stevemorse.org . Retrieved 2021-10-23 .
• ↑ "The Yachts and the Coming Race; Visiting the Cambria, Dauntless and America--Arrangements for the Great Race on Monday Next--The Entries--The Course, &c" (PDF) . The New York Times . New York, New York. 4 August 1870 . Retrieved 2021-06-13 .
• ↑ Richard H. Barker 'The yacht club march: march and two-step: for piano' (Toronto   : Whaley, Royce & Co., c1895)
• ↑ Melissa H. Harrington The New York Yacht Club, 1844-1994 (Lyme, Conn.: Greenwich Pub. Group, 1994)
• ↑ "Yachting: Commodore Morgan Gives the New-york Club a Site for a House to Race for the Canadian Cup Yacht Associations Meet". New-York Tribune . October 28, 1898. p.   4. ProQuest   574511646 .
• 1 2 "Commodore Morgan's Gift; Presents Three Lots to the N.Y. Yacht Club for a New Home" . The New York Times . October 28, 1898. ISSN   0362-4331 . Archived from the original on October 26, 2022 . Retrieved October 26, 2022 .
• ↑ "New Yacht Club House; Commodore Morgan Buys a 75-Foot Frontage in Forty-fourth Street for a Site" . The New York Times . October 29, 1898. ISSN   0362-4331 . Archived from the original on October 26, 2022 . Retrieved October 26, 2022 .
• ↑ "Com Morgan Pays $148,000.: Loses No Time in Making Good His Offer to Provide Site for New Clubhouse for New York Yacht Club". Boston Daily Globe . October 29, 1898. p.   5. ProQuest   498954045 .
• ↑ "N.Y.Y.C. Honors J.P. Morgan: Silver Loving Cup Presented to the Club's Ex-commodore". The New York Times . January 30, 1901. p.   7. ISSN   0362-4331 . ProQuest   1013633831 .
• ↑ "Harriman Gets Chicago Lines.: Terminal Transfer Company's Stock Reported in Control of Eastern Man. Details of the Deal. Charity Ball for Benefit of Nursery and Childs' Hospital a Success. General New York News". Chicago Tribune . January 30, 1901. p.   5. ProQuest   173095798 .
• ↑ Thomas W. Lawson (1902). The Lawson history of the America's Cup . ISBN   978-0-907069-40-9 .
• ↑ Hargraves, Carly (January 30, 2006). "2006 IFDS Blind Sailing World Championships - Yachting Australia" . www.yachting.org.au . Yachting Australia. Archived from the original on October 6, 2015 . Retrieved 2015-10-01 .
• ↑ "Dean Barker leads Kiwi quartet as helmsman for New York's 2021 America's Cup bid" . May 2018.
• ↑ Alan Baldwin (27 March 2018). Ed Osmond (ed.). "Sailing: 'American Magic' to challenge for 2021 America's Cup" . Reuters .
• ↑ "Yachting. Meeting of the New York Yacht Club" . New York Daily Herald . New York, New York. 6 Feb 1869. p.   7 . Retrieved 2021-06-09 .
• ↑ "Frank F. Olney" . The American Journal of Philately . New York, NY: The Scott Stamp and Coin Co. 1 Oct 1903. p.   353 . Retrieved 20 May 2015 .
• ↑ Lambert, Bruce (26 February 1993). "Arthur J. Santry Jr., 74, Is Dead; Headed Combustion Engineering" . The New York Times . Retrieved 23 August 2023 .
• ↑ Homans, James E., ed. (1918). The Cyclopedia of American Biography . The Press Association Compilers. pp.   299–300.
• ↑ Hamersly, L.R.; Leonard, J.W.; Mohr, W.F.; Knox, H.W.; Holmes, F.R. (1914). Who's who in New York City and State . Cornell Library New York State Historical Literature. L.R. Hamersly Company. p.   666 . Retrieved 9 March 2022 .
• New York Yacht Club by New York Yacht Club and Rarebooksclub.com (Mar 4 2012). ISBN   1130831000
• The History of Yachting, 1600–1815 by Arthur H. Clark; pub. under authority and direction of the New York Yacht Club (New York   ; London   : G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1904)
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